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Tobit

About this book

Tobias Arrives and Marries Sarah

Chapter 7

1 And when he came into Ecbatana, he says to him, Brother Azarias, lead me straight to Raguel our brother. And he led him to the house of Raguel, and they found him sitting by the door of the court; and they saluted him first, and he said to them, Much cheer to you, brothers, and you are well come in safety. And he brought them into his house. 2 And he said to Edna his wife, How like is this young man to Tobias my kinsman! 3 And Edna asked them and said to them, Where are you from, brothers? And they said to her, We are of the sons of Naphtali, which are captives in Nineveh. 4 And she said to them, Know you Tobit our kinsman? And they said to her, We know him. And she said to them, Is he in good health? 5 And they said to her, He is in good health and alive. And Tobias said, He is my father. 6 And Raguel sprang up, and kissed him, and wept; 7 and he spoke and said to him, Blessing be to you lad, who art the son of a noble and good father. Oh, dire calamity, that a man, righteous and almsdoing, should have become blind! And he fell on the neck of Tobias his kinsman and wept, 8 and Edna his wife wept for him, and Sarah their daughter also wept. 9 And he killed a ram of the flock and received them gladly. And when they had bathed, and washed their hands and laid them down to dine, Tobias said to Raphael, Brother Azarias, speak to Raguel that he give me Sarah my sister. 10 And Raguel heard the word and said to the young man, Eat and drink, and make merry this night:⁠ for there is no man to whom it belongs to take Sarah my daughter except you, brother; and likewise, further, I have not power to give her to another man than you, because you are my nearest kin. Yes, truly, I will show you the truth, lad. 11 I have given her to seven men of our kindred and all died in the night when they came in to her.⁠ And now, child, eat and drink, and the Lord will deal mercifully with you. And Tobias said, I will taste nothing here nor will I drink until you settle my affairs. And Raguel said to him, I do so; she is given to you according to the decree of the - book of Moses, and from heaven it has been decreed that she is given to you; take your sister. From henceforth you are her brother, and she is your sister; she has been given to you, from to-day even for ever. And the Lord of heaven give success to you, child, this night, even to do mercy and peace towards you. 12 And Raguel called his daughter Sarah, and she came to him and he took her by the hand, and gave her to him, and said, Take her according to the law and according to the decree which is written in the book of Moses to give her to you to wife. Have her and lead her away to your father in peace; and the God of heaven prosper you with peace. 13 And he called her mother, and told her to bring a book, and he wrote an instrument of co-habitation, even that he gave her to him to wife according to the decree of the law of Moses. 14 Then they began to eat and to drink. 15 And Raguel called Edna, his wife, and said to her, Sister, prepare the other chamber, and bring her in there. 16 And she went and spread the bed in the chamber as he told her and brought her there; and she wept for her and wiped away her tears, and said to her, Be of good comfort, daughter: the Lord of heaven give you joy for your sorrow: be of good comfort, daughter. And she went forth.

Texts in conversation

Compare Tobit 7:11 and Ambrose, On the Duty of the Clergy 3.16

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Ambrose quotes Tobit’s story about Sarah, where her father insists she must be given to Tobias as her rightful kinsman. Ambrose shows how Christian tradition used Jewish texts as reliable sources of theology and practice.

Passages

Tobit 7:11

Deuterocanon
10 And Raguel heard the word and said to the young man, Eat and drink, and make merry this night: for there is no man to whom it belongs to take Sarah my daughter except you, brother; and likewise, further, I have not power to give her to another man than you, because you are my nearest kin. Yes, truly, I will show you the truth, lad. 11 I have given her to seven men of our kindred and all died in the night when they came in to her. And now, child, eat and drink, and the Lord will deal mercifully with you. And Tobias said, I will taste nothing here nor will I drink until you settle my affairs. And Raguel said to him, I do so; she is given to you according to the decree of the - book of Moses, and from heaven it has been decreed that she is given to you; take your sister. From henceforth you are her brother, and she is your sister; she has been given to you, from to-day even for ever. And the Lord of heaven give success to you, child, this night, even to do mercy and peace towards you.
225–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Tobit

Ambrose, On the Duty of the Clergy 3.16

Early Christian
96 Tobit also clearly portrayed in his life true virtue, when he left the feast and buried the dead, and invited the needy to the meals at his own poor table. And Raguel is a still brighter example. For he, in his regard for virtue, when asked to give his daughter in marriage, was not silent regarding his daughter's faults, for fear of seeming to get the better of the suitor by silence. So when Tobias the son of Tobit asked that his daughter might be given him, he answered that, according to the law, she ought to be given him as near of kin, but that he had already given her to six men, and all of them were dead. This just man, then, feared more for others than for himself, and wished rather that his daughter should remain unmarried than that others should run risks in consequence of their union with her.
390–395 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ambrose, On the Duty of the Clergy 3

References

"... It comes as no surprise that Tobit was a popular text in early Christian thought. Some texts in Tobit were quoted quite often by many early Christian writers. For instance, the negative version of the golden rule in Tobit 4:15, ‘And what you hate, do not to anyone’, was quite popular in early Christian discourse. The text is very similar to Didache 1:2: ‘And whatever you do not want to happen to you, do not do to another’ ... Tertullian, Clement of Alexandria, Didymus of Alexandria, Origen, Ambrose, Ambrosiaster and Gregory of Nazianzus, refer multiple times to this text in Tobit. And although this study focuses on Greek and Latin Christian authors from the 2nd to the 5th century, Tobit was also known to Syriac Christian authors of late antiquity, such as Ephrem of Nisibis (306–373 CE) and the 4th-century Syriac Liber graduum ..."
Chris L. de Wet, “The Book of Tobit in Early Christianity: Greek and Latin Interpretations from the 2nd to the 5th Century CE,” HvTSt 76.4 (2020): 1–13.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Tobit 7:11 and Ambrose, On the Duty of the Clergy 3.16

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