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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Ben Sira’s Prayer of Thanksgiving

Chapter 51

1 I will give thanks to you, O Lord, O King, and will praise you, O God my Savior. I give thanks to your name, 2 for you have been my protector and helper, and delivered my body out of destruction, and out of the snare of a slanderous tongue, from lips that fabricate lies. You were my helper before those who stood by, 3 and delivered me, according to the abundance of your mercy and of your name, from the gnashings of teeth ready to devour, out of the hand of those seeking my life, out of the many afflictions I endured, 4 from the choking of a fire on every side, and out of the midst of fire that I hadn’t kindled, 5 out of the depth of the belly of Hades, from an unclean tongue, and from lying words— 6 the slander of an unrighteous tongue to the king. My soul drew near to death. My life was near to Hades. 7 They surrounded me on every side. There was no one to help me. I was looking for human help, and there was none. 8 Then I remembered your mercy, O Lord, and your working which has been from everlasting, how you deliver those who wait for you, and save them out of the hand of their enemies. 9 I lifted up my prayer from the earth, and prayed for deliverance from death. 10 I called upon the Lord, the Father of my Lord, that he would not forsake me in the days of affliction, in the time when there was no help against the proud. 11 I will praise your name continually. I will sing praise with thanksgiving. My prayer was heard. 12 You saved me from destruction and delivered me from the evil time. Therefore I will give thanks and praise to you, and bless the name of the Lord.

The Search for Wisdom and Invitation to Study

13 When I was yet young, before I went abroad, I sought wisdom openly in my prayer.⁠ 14 Before the temple I asked for her. I will seek her out even to the end. 15 From the first flower to the ripening grape my heart delighted in her. My foot walked in uprightness. From my youth I followed her steps. 16 I inclined my ear a little, and received her, and found for myself much instruction. 17 I profited in her. I will give glory to him who gives me wisdom. 18 For I determined to practice her. I was zealous for that which is good. I will never be put to shame. 19 My soul has wrestled with her. In my conduct I was exact. I spread out my hands to the sky above, and lamented my ignorances of her. 20 I directed my soul to her. In purity I found her. I got myself a heart joined with her from the beginning. Therefore I won’t be forsaken. 21 My belly also was troubled to seek her. Therefore I have gained a good possession. 22 The Lord gave me a tongue for my reward. I will praise him with it. 23 Draw near to me, all you who are uneducated, and live in the house of instruction.⁠ 24 Why therefore are you all lacking in these things, and your souls are very thirsty? 25 I opened my mouth and spoke, “Get her for yourselves without money.” 26 Put your neck under the yoke,⁠ and let your soul receive instruction. She is near to find.⁠ 27 See with your eyes how I labored just a little and found for myself much rest. 28 Get instruction with a great sum of silver, and gain much gold by her. 29 May your soul rejoice in his mercy, and may you all not be put to shame in praising him. 30 Work your work before the time comes, and in his time he will give you your reward.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 51:13 and 11Q5 21:11

Deuterocanon · Dead Sea Scrolls, Prayers, Hymns, and Liturgy

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Summary

The Dead Sea Scroll text 11Q5 parallels the closing hymn of Sirach, where wisdom is like a romantic partner. The scroll presents this in a collection attributed to David, suggesting it circulated independently before being associated with Ben Sira.

Passages

Sirach 51:13

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
13 When I was yet young, before I went abroad, I sought wisdom openly in my prayer. 14 Before the temple I asked for her. I will seek her out even to the end. 15 From the first flower to the ripening grape my heart delighted in her. My foot walked in uprightness. From my youth I followed her steps. 16 I inclined my ear a little, and received her, and found for myself much instruction. 17 I profited in her. I will give glory to him who gives me wisdom. 18 For I determined to practice her. I was zealous for that which is good. I will never be put to shame.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

11Q5 21:11

Dead Sea Scrolls, Prayers, Hymns, and Liturgy · The Great Psalms Scroll
11 I was a young man, before I had gone astray, and I sought her. She came to me in her beauty, and to 12 her end I will seek her. Even as the blossom falls when the grapes ripen, making the heart glad, 13 my foot walked on level ground, for from my youth I have known her. I inclined 14 my ear a little, and I found much teaching. And she became a nurse for me; to my teacher I give 15 my honor. I resolved to make sport; I was zealous for good and would not turn back. I kindled 16 my soul for her and did not turn my face away. I stirred up my soul for her, and on her heights I would not 17 be at ease. I opened my hand [… and] I perceive her nakedness. I cleansed my palms for
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 11Q5

References

"... 11QPs 3 21:11-17 contains a Hebrew version of Sirach 51:13-30. Verses 13-20 correspond to 11Q5 21:11-17. The first two words of 1QPs 22:1 accord with Sirach 51:30b. The material in column 21 after line 17, which has not survived, was probably similar to Sirach 51:20-30. The B text, one of the manuscripts of Ben Sira discovered in the Cairo Geniza in 1896, contains another Hebrew recension of this poem. The version from 11Q5 is probably more authentic than the B text. 11QPs 3 follows an easily discernable acrostic format, whereas the B text attests substantial corruptions of this pattern. The poem in 11Q5 21:11-17 and 22:1 is located between Psalm 138:1-8 and Apostrophe to Zion. There is no mention of Ben Sira whatsoever and the Psalms Scroll as a whole is attributed implicitly to David (27:2-11). At the very least, 11QPs 3 does not endorse Ben Sira's authorship of Sirach 51:13-30. Although the evidence is ambiguous, the Jerusalem sage probably did not compose this work. The work has been dated to the third or second century BCE. The composition contains no evidence that it was composed by a member of the movement associated with the Teacher of Righteousness. Even if Ben Sira did not write Sirach 51:13-30, the poem is an appropriate conclusion to his instruction ..."
Matthew J. Goff, Discerning Wisdom: The Sapiential Literature of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Leiden: Brill, 2007), 247–257.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 51:13 and 11Q5 21:11

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