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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Presumption, Speech, and Self-Control

Chapter 5

1 Don’t set your heart upon your goods. Don’t say, “They are sufficient for me.” 2 Don’t follow your own mind and your strength to walk in the desires of your heart.⁠ 3 Don’t say, “Who will have dominion over me?” for the Lord will surely take vengeance on you. 4 Don’t say, “I sinned, and what happened to me?” for the Lord is patient.⁠ 5 Don’t be so confident of atonement that you add sin upon sins. 6 Don’t say, “His compassion is great. He will be pacified for the multitude of my sins,” for mercy and wrath are with him, and his indignation will rest on sinners. 7 Don’t wait to turn to the Lord. Don’t put off from day to day;⁠ for suddenly the wrath of the Lord will come on you, and you will perish in the time of vengeance. 8 Don’t set your heart upon unrighteous gains, for you will profit nothing in the day of calamity.⁠ 9 Don’t winnow with every wind. Don’t walk in every path. This is what the sinner who has a double tongue does. 10 Be steadfast in your understanding. Let your speech be consistent. 11 Be swift to hear and answer with patience.⁠ 12 If you have understanding, answer your neighbor; but if not, put your hand over your mouth.⁠ 13 Glory and dishonor is in talk. A man’s tongue may be his downfall.⁠ 14 Don’t be called a whisperer. Don’t lie in wait with your tongue; for shame is on the thief, and an evil condemnation is on him who has a double tongue.⁠ 15 Don’t be ignorant in a great or small matter.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 18:21 and Sirach 5:13

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Proverbs 18 says death and life are in the power of the tongue. Sirach reshapes this saying, making speech what earns a person honor or shame which can still lead to their ruin.

Passages

Proverbs 18:21

Hebrew Bible
19 A relative offended is harder to reach than a strong city, and disputes are like the barred gates of a fortified citadel. 20 From the fruit of a person’s mouth his stomach will be satisfied; with the product of his lips he will be satisfied. 21 Death and life are in the power of the tongue, and those who love its use will eat its fruit. 22 The one who has found a wife has found what goodness is and obtained a delightful gift from the Lord.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Sirach 5:13

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
11 Be swift to hear and answer with patience. 12 If you have understanding, answer your neighbor; but if not, put your hand over your mouth. 13 Glory and dishonor is in talk. A man’s tongue may be his downfall. 14 Don’t be called a whisperer. Don’t lie in wait with your tongue; for shame is on the thief, and an evil condemnation is on him who has a double tongue.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

... Like much ancient wisdom literature, Proverbs and Ben Sira share a concern for control of the tongue, which can cause great evils if unchecked. Sirach 5:9–6:1 develops thoughts from the Book of Proverbs. There is one who speaks like thrusts of a sword, but the tongue of wise persons means healing (Proverbs 12:18). Death and life are in the power of the tongue (Proverbs 18:21; compare Sirach 37:18). Honor and dishonor are in the power of one who speaks (Sirach 5:13a Hebrew manuscript C); and the tongue of a human being is his downfall (Sirach 5:13b Hebrew manuscript A). ...
Jeremy Corley, “An Intertextual Study of Proverbs and Ben Sira,” in Intertextual Studies in Ben Sira and Tobit: Essays in Honor of Alexander A. Di Lella, O.F.M., ed. Jeremy Corley and Vincent Skemp, CBQMS 38 (Washington, DC: Catholic Biblical Association of America, 2005), 177.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 18:21 and Sirach 5:13

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