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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book
Chapter 26

1 Happy is the husband of a good wife. The number of his days will be doubled. 2 A faithful wife gives joy to her husband. He will fulfill his years in peace. 3 A good wife is a great gift. She will be given to those who fear the Lord.⁠ 4 Whether a man is rich or poor, a good heart makes a cheerful face at all times. 5 Of three things my heart was afraid, and concerning the fourth kind I made supplication: The slander of a city, the assembly of a mob, and a false accusation. All these are more grievous than death. 6 A grief of heart and sorrow is a woman who is jealous of another woman. Her tongue-lashing makes it known to all. 7 A wicked woman is like a chafing yoke. He who takes hold of her is like one who grasps a scorpion. 8 A drunken woman causes great wrath. She will not cover her own shame.⁠ 9 The fornication of a woman is in the lifting up of her eyes; it will be known by her eyelids.⁠ 10 Keep strict watch on a headstrong daughter, lest she find liberty for herself, and use it. 11 Watch out for an impudent eye, and don’t be surprised if it sins against you. 12 She will open her mouth like a thirsty traveller, and drink from every water that is near. She will sit down at every post, and open her quiver to any arrow. 13 The grace of a wife will delight her husband. Her knowledge will strengthen his bones. 14 A silent woman is a gift of the Lord. There is nothing worth so much as a well-instructed soul. 15 A modest woman is grace upon grace. There are no scales that can weigh the value of a self-controlled soul. 16 As the sun when it arises in the highest places of the Lord, so is the beauty of a good wife in her well-organized home. 17 As the lamp that shines upon the holy lampstand, so is the beauty of the face on a well-proportioned body. 18 As the golden pillars are upon a base of silver, so are beautiful feet with the breasts of one who is steadfast.

Honesty and the Testing of Friendship

28 For two things my heart is grieved, and for the third anger comes upon me: a warrior who suffers for poverty, men of understanding who are counted as garbage, and one who turns back from righteousness to sin— the Lord will prepare him for the sword! 29 It is difficult for a merchant to keep himself from wrong doing, and for a retailer to be acquitted of sin.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 26:9 and Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 3.11

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Clement of Alexandria uses Sirach as an authoritative source to teach about self-control in relationships and marriage, demonstrating how the Jewish wisdom text influenced early Christian teaching and tradition.

Passages

Sirach 26:9

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
7 A wicked woman is like a chafing yoke. He who takes hold of her is like one who grasps a scorpion. 8 A drunken woman causes great wrath. She will not cover her own shame. 9 The fornication of a woman is in the lifting up of her eyes; it will be known by her eyelids. 10 Keep strict watch on a headstrong daughter, lest she find liberty for herself, and use it. 11 Watch out for an impudent eye, and don’t be surprised if it sins against you.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 3.11

Early Christian · Paedagogus
As seems to me, says the comedy, it is time to abandon meretricious steps and luxury. And the steps of harlotry lean not to the truth; for they approach not the paths of life. Her tracks are dangerous, and not easily known. The eyes especially are to be sparingly used, since it is better to slip with the feet than with the eyes. Accordingly, the Lord very summarily cures this malady: If your eye offend you, cut it out, He says, dragging lust up from the foundation. But languishing looks, and ogling, which is to wink with the eyes, is nothing else than to commit adultery with the eyes, lust skirmishing through them. For of the whole body, the eyes are first destroyed. The eye contemplating beautiful objects (καλά), gladdens the heart; that is, the eye which has learned rightly (καλῶς) to see, gladdens. Winking with the eye, with guile, heaps woes on men. Such they introduce the effeminate Sardanapalus, king of the Assyrians, sitting on a couch with his legs up, fumbling at his purple robe, and casting up the whites of his eyes. Women that follow such practices, by their looks offer themselves for prostitution. For the light of the body is the eye, says the Scripture, by which the interior illuminated by the shining light appears. Fornication in a woman is in the raising of the eyes.

References

"... The eighty-fifth of the Apostolical Canons gives a list of the books of the Hebrew Canon, and adds the first three books of the Maccabees and the Wisdom of Sirach; these last four are not, however, included in the Canon, though the Wisdom of Sirach is specially recommended for the instruction of the young. Again, in the Apostolical Constitutions, 6:14, 15, quotations from Sirach are given with the same formula as those from the books of the Hebrew Canon, but in the list given in 2:57 of the same work, there is no mention of any of the books of the Apocrypha ... The evidence of Clement of Alexandria is conflicting; in his Paedagogus he quotes very often from Sirach, and speaks of it as 'scripture', from which it would evidently appear that he regarded it as canonical Scripture; but, according to Eusebius, Clement reckoned Sirach among the 'Antilegomena', for in speaking of Clement's works he mentions the Stromateis, or 'Medleys', and says: 'He quotes in them passages from the disputed Scriptures, the so-called Wisdom of Solomon, for example, and of Jesus the son of Sirach, and the Epistle to the Hebrews, and those of Barnabas, Clement, and Jude ..."
R. H. Charles, The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament (Oxford University Press, 1913), 299.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 26:9 and Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 3.11

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