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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book
Chapter 16

1 Don’t desire a multitude of unprofitable children, neither delight in ungodly sons. 2 If they multiply, don’t delight in them unless the fear of the Lord is in them. 3 Don’t trust in their life. Don’t rely on their numbers; for one can be better than a thousand, and to die childless than to have ungodly children.⁠ 4 For from one who has understanding, a city will be populated, but a race of wicked men will be made desolate. 5 I have seen many such things with my eyes. My ear has heard mightier things than these. 6 In a congregation of sinners, a fire will be kindled. In a disobedient nation, wrath is kindled.⁠ 7 He was not pacified toward the giants of old time, who revolted in their strength.⁠ 8 He didn’t spare Lot’s neighbors, whom he abhorred for their pride.⁠ 9 He didn’t pity the people of perdition who were taken away in their sins, 10 or in like manner, the six hundred thousand footmen who were gathered together in the hardness of their hearts.⁠ 11 Even if there is one stiff-necked person, it is a marvel if he will be unpunished; for mercy and wrath are both with him who is mighty to forgive, and he pours out wrath. 12 As his mercy is great, so is his correction also.⁠ He judges a man according to his works.⁠ 13 The sinner will not escape with plunder. The perseverance of the godly will not be frustrated. 14 He will make room for every work of mercy. Each man will receive according to his works.⁠ 17 Don’t say, “I will be hidden from the Lord,” and “Who will remember me from on high?” I will not be known among so many people, for what is my soul in a boundless creation? 18 Behold, heaven, the heaven of heavens, the deep, and the earth, will be moved when he visits.⁠ 19 The mountains and the foundations of the earth together are shaken with trembling when he looks at them. 20 No heart will think about these things. Who could comprehend his ways?⁠ 21 Like a tempest which no man can see, so, the majority of his works are hidden. 22 Who will declare his works of righteousness? Who will wait for them? For his covenant is afar off. 23 He who is lacking in understanding thinks about these things. An unwise and erring man thinks foolishly.

Creation, Human Beings, and God’s Mercy

24 My son, listen to me, learn knowledge, and heed my words with your heart. 25 I will impart instruction with precision, and declare knowledge exactly. 26 In the judgment of the Lord are his works from the beginning. From the making of them he determined their boundaries.⁠ 27 He arranged his works for all time, and their beginnings to their generations. They aren’t hungry or weary, and they don’t cease from their works. 28 No one pushes aside his neighbor. They will never disobey his word. 29 After this also the Lord looked at the earth and filled it with his blessings. 30 All manner of living things covered its surface, and they return into it.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 16:18 and 2 Corinthians 12:2

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

In 2 Corinthians, Paul describes being caught up to the third heaven, following a tradition of layered heavens found in Jewish and Greek cosmology. Sirach also refers to this cosmology when it says the heaven of heavens will shake when God visits.

Passages

Sirach 16:18

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
13 The sinner will not escape with plunder. The perseverance of the godly will not be frustrated. 14 He will make room for every work of mercy. Each man will receive according to his works. 17 Don’t say, “I will be hidden from the Lord,” and “Who will remember me from on high?” I will not be known among so many people, for what is my soul in a boundless creation? 18 Behold, heaven, the heaven of heavens, the deep, and the earth, will be moved when he visits. 19 The mountains and the foundations of the earth together are shaken with trembling when he looks at them. 20 No heart will think about these things. Who could comprehend his ways? 21 Like a tempest which no man can see, so, the majority of his works are hidden. 22 Who will declare his works of righteousness? Who will wait for them? For his covenant is afar off.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

2 Corinthians 12:2

New Testament
1 It is necessary to go on boasting. Though it is not profitable, I will go on to visions and revelations from the Lord. 2 I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago (whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, God knows) was caught up to the third heaven. 3 And I know that this man (whether in the body or apart from the body I do not know, God knows) 4 was caught up into paradise and heard things too sacred to be put into words, things that a person is not permitted to speak. 5 On behalf of such an individual I will boast, but on my own behalf I will not boast, except about my weaknesses. 6 For even if I wish to boast, I will not be a fool, for I would be telling the truth, but I refrain from this so that no one may regard me beyond what he sees in me or what he hears from me,
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Corinthians

References

"... In his work On the Heavens, Aristotle sets forth his cosmology, based upon astronomy as he knew it. The universe is eternal, and the farthest heavenly bodies, moving in majestic cycles, are likewise eternal and unchanging. Influenced by geometry and astronomy, both Plato and Aristotle understood the universe to be a gigantic sphere (actually, for Plato, it is a dodecahedron). At the center of the sphere is the earth, a place of change, generation, death, and corruption. The earth is at rest in its center and spherical in shape ... This natural philosophy became the common stuff of Hellenistic culture, and the foundation for the development of Greek, Roman, and medieval science (including Islamic science). The greatest classical astronomer, Ptolemy, held an Aristotelian cosmology. Aristotle finished his work almost four hundred years before Paul. By the time of Jesus, this Greek cosmology was the common stuff of the intellectual world. Of course, there were opponents, such as the Epicureans, but they did not gain the imagination of the majority. Jews and Christians added to this basic Greek cosmology a further heaven, the “heaven of heavens” or “highest heaven” or simply “the highest” where God and the angels dwell (Deuteronomy 10:14; 1 Kings 8:27; Psalm 148:4-6; Sirach 16:18; Luke 2:14; 19:38; Revelation 4:1-2; compare Luke 10:18; 2 Corinthians 12:2-4). But their cosmology below the highest heaven was much the same as that of the Greek natural philosophers ..."
Alan G. Padgett, “The Body in Resurrection: Science and Scripture on the ‘Spiritual Body’ (1 Cor 15:35–58),” WW 22.2 (2002): 155–163.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 16:18 and 2 Corinthians 12:2

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