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Shepherd of Hermas

About this book
Chapter 92

1 “Tell me, Sir,” I said, “the names of the virgins and of the women wearing the black garments.” “Listen,” he said, “to the names of the more powerful virgins, those stationed at the corners. 2 The first is Faith, and the second is Self-Control, and the third is Power, and the fourth is Patience. But the others standing between them have these names—Simplicity, Innocence, Purity, Cheerfulness, Truth, Understanding, Harmony, Love. Whoever bears these names and the name of the Son of God can enter God’s kingdom. 3 Listen,” he said, “also to the names of the women wearing black garments. Four of these are more powerful than the rest: the first is Unbelief, the second is Overindulgence, the third is Disobedience, and the fourth is Deceit; their followers are called Sadness, Wickedness, Lust, Anger, Falsehood, Foolishness, Slander, Hatred. God’s servant who bears these names can see the kingdom of God but will not enter it.” 4 “But the stones, Sir,” I said, “that came from the deep and were fitted into the building—who are they?” “The first ten,” he said, “that were placed in the foundations, are the first generation; the twenty-five are the second generation of righteous people; the thirty-five are God’s prophets and His ministers; the forty are apostles and teachers who preach the Son of God.”⁠ 5 “Then why, Sir,” I said, “did the virgins also offer these stones for the building of the tower and carry them through the gate?” 6 “Because those first ones,” he said, “bore these spirits, and they never separated from each other—neither the spirits from the people nor the people from the spirits—these spirits stayed with them until they fell asleep; and if they had not had these spirits with them, they would not have been found useful for building this tower.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Shepherd of Hermas 92:4 and Ephesians 2:20

Early Christian · New Testament

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Summary

In Ephesians, the community is built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets. The Shepherd of Hermas describes a similar picture of a tower representing the community, its foundation also based on earlier righteous generations.

Passages

Shepherd of Hermas 92:4

Early Christian
4 “But the stones, Sir,” I said, “that came from the deep and were fitted into the building—who are they?” “The first ten,” he said, “that were placed in the foundations, are the first generation; the twenty-five are the second generation of righteous people; the thirty-five are God’s prophets and His ministers; the forty are apostles and teachers who preach the Son of God.” 5 “Then why, Sir,” I said, “did the virgins also offer these stones for the building of the tower and carry them through the gate?” 6 “Because those first ones,” he said, “bore these spirits, and they never separated from each other—neither the spirits from the people nor the people from the spirits—these spirits stayed with them until they fell asleep; and if they had not had these spirits with them, they would not have been found useful for building this tower.”
90–140 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Shepherd of Hermas

Ephesians 2:20

New Testament
19 So then you are no longer foreigners and noncitizens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of God’s household, 20 because you have been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus himself as the cornerstone. 21 In him the whole building, being joined together, grows into a holy temple in the Lord, 22 in whom you also are being built together into a dwelling place of God in the Spirit.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ephesians

References

“... Hermas has connected the idea of Christ as the building’s foundation in 1 Cor 3:11 with the idea of him as stone in 10:4. This connection possibly occurred in association with Eph 2:20, where Christ is named as the constructed community’s corner foundation-stone. At the same time, Hermas has also expanded ideas that he learned from Pauline letters. To the list of figures comprising the church’s foundation found in Eph 2:20 (i.e., apostles and prophets), Hermas has added a number of others now arranged in tiers, namely the first two righteous generations, teachers, and god’s servants. He also extended that same verse’s image of the church-building’s being fitted together by describing the Tower’s stones fusing together into an apparently single white stone. ...”
Jonathan E. Soyars, The Shepherd of Hermas and the Pauline Legacy, NovTSup 176 (Leiden: Brill, 2019), 170–171.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Shepherd of Hermas 92:4 and Ephesians 2:20

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