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Shepherd of Hermas

About this book

The Ninth Mandate, on Doubt

Chapter 39

1 He said to me: “Rid yourself of a doubting mind, and do not be of two minds at all about asking God for anything,⁠ saying to yourself, ‘How can I ask anything of the Lord and receive it, since I have committed so many sins against Him?’ 2 Do not think this way, but turn to the Lord with your whole heart, and ask Him without hesitation, and you will know His great compassion, that He will certainly not abandon you, but will fulfill the desire of your soul. 3 For God is not like people who hold grudges, but He Himself is without malice and has compassion on His creation. 4 So cleanse your heart from all the vanities of this life and from the things mentioned before; and ask the Lord, and you will receive all things, and will lack none of your requests if you ask the Lord without doubting. 5 But if you hesitate in your heart, you will certainly receive none of your requests. For those who waver before God—these are the doubters, and they never get any of their requests. 6 But those who are complete in the faith present all their requests trusting in the Lord, and they receive, because they ask without doubting, being sure; for every doubting person, if they do not repent, will hardly be saved. 7 So cleanse your heart from doubt, and put on faith, for it is strong, and trust God to grant all the requests you ask for. And if, after asking something of the Lord, you receive your desire a little late, do not be of two minds just because you did not receive the request of your soul at once. For certainly it is because of some temptation or some offense you are unaware of that you receive your request late. 8 So do not stop making your soul’s request, and you will receive it. But if you grow weary and begin to doubt as you ask, blame yourself and not the One who gives to you. Beware of this doubting, for it is evil and foolish, and uproots many from the faith—yes, even some who are very faithful and strong. For this doubt really is a daughter of the devil, and does much harm to the servants of God. 9 So despise doubt, and gain mastery over it in everything, clothing yourself with faith, which is strong and powerful. For faith promises all things and completes all things; but doubt, since it does not trust itself, fails in every work it undertakes. 10 You see, then,” he said, “that faith is from above, from the Lord, and has great power, but doubt is an earthly spirit from the devil and has no power. 11 So serve the faith that has power, and keep away from the doubt that has no power; and you will live for God—yes, and all who think this way will live for God.”

Texts in conversation

Compare James 1:6 and Shepherd of Hermas 39:5

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

In James, someone who asks God for wisdom while doubting is called double-minded and told to expect nothing. The Shepherd of Hermas has a similar teaching, in which sinners afraid to pray are told that God does not hold grudges as people do.

Passages

James 1:6

New Testament
5 But if anyone is deficient in wisdom, he should ask God, who gives to all generously and without reprimand, and it will be given to him. 6 But he must ask in faith without doubting, for the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea, blown and tossed around by the wind. 7 For that person must not suppose that he will receive anything from the Lord, 8 since he is a double-minded individual, unstable in all his ways.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in James

Shepherd of Hermas 39:5

Early Christian
1 He said to me: “Rid yourself of a doubting mind, and do not be of two minds at all about asking God for anything, saying to yourself, ‘How can I ask anything of the Lord and receive it, since I have committed so many sins against Him?’ 2 Do not think this way, but turn to the Lord with your whole heart, and ask Him without hesitation, and you will know His great compassion, that He will certainly not abandon you, but will fulfill the desire of your soul. 3 For God is not like people who hold grudges, but He Himself is without malice and has compassion on His creation. 4 So cleanse your heart from all the vanities of this life and from the things mentioned before; and ask the Lord, and you will receive all things, and will lack none of your requests if you ask the Lord without doubting. 5 But if you hesitate in your heart, you will certainly receive none of your requests. For those who waver before God—these are the doubters, and they never get any of their requests. 6 But those who are complete in the faith present all their requests trusting in the Lord, and they receive, because they ask without doubting, being sure; for every doubting person, if they do not repent, will hardly be saved.
90–140 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Shepherd of Hermas

References

“... Here there is found a kinship which goes beyond lexical and conceptual agreements. Extensive and coherent discussions in Hermas could be placed alongside isolated admonitions in Jas and could serve as a commentary on the latter. This is especially the case with regard to the sphere of thought related to faith and doubt. Herm. mand. 9 is the best interpretation of Jas 1:5-8 imaginable. Nevertheless, the terms used are not the same in every case. [...] In his warning against "uncertainty" or "double-mindedness" [...], Hermas writes that one who is praying should not say to himself: "How can I ask anything from the Lord and receive it after having sinned so greatly against him?" [...] This admonition is then beautifully and profoundly supported in 9.3ff: Whoever does not rid himself of that anxious question when praying degrades God, for he thinks that God bears grudges with regard to evil in the same way that humans do. ...”
Martin Dibelius, James: A Commentary on the Epistle of James, ed. Revised by Heinrich Greeven (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1976), 31, 80.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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James 1:6 and Shepherd of Hermas 39:5

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