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About this book

James

About this book
Chapter 1

1 From James, a slave of God and the Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes dispersed abroad. Greetings! 2 My brothers and sisters, consider it nothing but joy when you fall into all sorts of trials,⁠ 3 because you know that the testing of your faith produces endurance. 4 And let endurance have its perfect effect, so that you will be perfect and complete, not deficient in anything. 5 But if anyone is deficient in wisdom, he should ask God, who gives to all generously and without reprimand, and it will be given to him. 6 But he must ask in faith without doubting,⁠ for the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea, blown and tossed around by the wind.⁠ 7 For that person must not suppose that he will receive anything from the Lord,⁠ 8 since he is a double-minded individual, unstable in all his ways. 9 Now the believer of humble means should take pride in his high position. 10 But the rich person’s pride should be in his humiliation because he will pass away like a wildflower in the meadow.⁠ 11 For the sun rises with its heat and dries up the meadow; the petal of the flower falls off and its beauty is lost forever. So also the rich person in the midst of his pursuits will wither away. 12 Happy is the one who endures testing because when he has proven to be genuine, he will receive the crown of life that God promised to those who love him. 13 Let no one say when he is tempted, “I am tempted by God,” for God cannot be tempted by evil, and he himself tempts no one.⁠ 14 But each one is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desires.⁠ 15 Then when desire conceives, it gives birth to sin,⁠ and when sin is full grown, it gives birth to death. 16 Do not be led astray, my dear brothers and sisters. 17 All generous giving and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or the slightest hint of change.⁠ 18 By his sovereign plan he gave us birth through the message of truth, that we would be a kind of firstfruits of all he created. 19 Understand this, my dear brothers and sisters! Let every person be quick to listen, slow to speak, slow to anger.⁠ 20 For human anger does not accomplish God’s righteousness. 21 So put away all filth and evil excess and humbly welcome the message implanted within you, which is able to save your souls.⁠ 22 But be sure you live out the message and do not merely listen to it and so deceive yourselves.⁠ 23 For if someone merely listens to the message and does not live it out, he is like someone who gazes at his own face in a mirror.⁠ 24 For he gazes at himself and then goes out and immediately forgets what sort of person he was. 25 But the one who peers into the perfect law of liberty and fixes his attention there, and does not become a forgetful listener but one who lives it out—he will be blessed in what he does.⁠ 26 If someone thinks he is religious yet does not bridle his tongue, and so deceives his heart, his religion is futile. 27 Pure and undefiled religion before God the Father is this: to care for orphans and widows in their adversity⁠ and to keep oneself unstained by the world.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare James 1:6 and Shepherd of Hermas 39:5

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

In James, someone who asks God for wisdom while doubting is called double-minded and told to expect nothing. The Shepherd of Hermas has a similar teaching, in which sinners afraid to pray are told that God does not hold grudges as people do.

Passages

James 1:6

New Testament
5 But if anyone is deficient in wisdom, he should ask God, who gives to all generously and without reprimand, and it will be given to him. 6 But he must ask in faith without doubting, for the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea, blown and tossed around by the wind. 7 For that person must not suppose that he will receive anything from the Lord, 8 since he is a double-minded individual, unstable in all his ways.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in James

Shepherd of Hermas 39:5

Early Christian
1 He said to me: “Rid yourself of a doubting mind, and do not be of two minds at all about asking God for anything, saying to yourself, ‘How can I ask anything of the Lord and receive it, since I have committed so many sins against Him?’ 2 Do not think this way, but turn to the Lord with your whole heart, and ask Him without hesitation, and you will know His great compassion, that He will certainly not abandon you, but will fulfill the desire of your soul. 3 For God is not like people who hold grudges, but He Himself is without malice and has compassion on His creation. 4 So cleanse your heart from all the vanities of this life and from the things mentioned before; and ask the Lord, and you will receive all things, and will lack none of your requests if you ask the Lord without doubting. 5 But if you hesitate in your heart, you will certainly receive none of your requests. For those who waver before God—these are the doubters, and they never get any of their requests. 6 But those who are complete in the faith present all their requests trusting in the Lord, and they receive, because they ask without doubting, being sure; for every doubting person, if they do not repent, will hardly be saved.
90–140 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Shepherd of Hermas

References

“... Here there is found a kinship which goes beyond lexical and conceptual agreements. Extensive and coherent discussions in Hermas could be placed alongside isolated admonitions in Jas and could serve as a commentary on the latter. This is especially the case with regard to the sphere of thought related to faith and doubt. Herm. mand. 9 is the best interpretation of Jas 1:5-8 imaginable. Nevertheless, the terms used are not the same in every case. [...] In his warning against "uncertainty" or "double-mindedness" [...], Hermas writes that one who is praying should not say to himself: "How can I ask anything from the Lord and receive it after having sinned so greatly against him?" [...] This admonition is then beautifully and profoundly supported in 9.3ff: Whoever does not rid himself of that anxious question when praying degrades God, for he thinks that God bears grudges with regard to evil in the same way that humans do. ...”
Martin Dibelius, James: A Commentary on the Epistle of James, ed. Revised by Heinrich Greeven (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1976), 31, 80.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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James 1:6 and Shepherd of Hermas 39:5

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