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Shepherd of Hermas

About this book
Chapter 17

1 “Listen to me, my children. I brought you up in much simplicity and innocence and reverence, through the mercy of the Lord, who instilled righteousness into you, so that you might be justified and sanctified from all wickedness and all crookedness. But you refuse to give up your wickedness. 2 So now listen to me and be at peace among yourselves, and look after one another, and help each other, and do not enjoy the abundance of God’s creatures by yourselves, but share them with those in need too. 3 For some people through eating too much bring weakness on their bodies, and harm their flesh; while the bodies of those who have nothing to eat are harmed by not having enough food, and their bodies are ruined.⁠ 4 So this failure to share is harmful to you who have and do not share with those who are in need. 5 Look toward the judgment that is coming. You who have more than enough, search out those who are hungry while the tower is still unfinished; for after the tower is finished, you will want to do good, and will find no opportunity for it. 6 So take care, you who revel in your wealth, that those in need do not groan, and their groaning rise up to the Lord, and you with your abundance of good things be shut outside the door of the tower. 7 So now I say to you leaders of the Church, who occupy the seats of honor: do not be like the magicians. The magicians carry their potions in boxes, but you carry your potion and your poison in your heart. 8 You are stubborn, and you will not cleanse your hearts and mix your wisdom together in a clean heart, so that you may receive mercy from the Great King. 9 Take care, children, that these divisions of yours do not rob you of your life. 10 How is it that you want to instruct God’s chosen, while you yourselves lack instruction? So instruct one another, and have peace among yourselves, so that I also may stand with joy before the Father, and give an account of all of you to your Lord.”

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Corinthians 11:21 and Shepherd of Hermas 17:3

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

In 1 Corinthians, Paul rebukes believers who eat their fill while the poor go hungry. In the Shepherd of Hermas, an elderly woman similarly rebukes the rich who will not share their food with those in need.

Passages

1 Corinthians 11:21

New Testament
17 Now in giving the following instruction I do not praise you, because you come together not for the better but for the worse. 18 For in the first place, when you come together as a church I hear there are divisions among you, and in part I believe it. 19 For there must in fact be divisions among you, so that those of you who are approved may be evident. 20 Now when you come together at the same place, you are not really eating the Lord’s Supper. 21 For when it is time to eat, everyone proceeds with his own supper. One is hungry and another becomes drunk. 22 Do you not have houses so that you can eat and drink? Or are you trying to show contempt for the church of God by shaming those who have nothing? What should I say to you? Should I praise you? I will not praise you for this!
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Corinthians

Shepherd of Hermas 17:3

Early Christian
2 So now listen to me and be at peace among yourselves, and look after one another, and help each other, and do not enjoy the abundance of God’s creatures by yourselves, but share them with those in need too. 3 For some people through eating too much bring weakness on their bodies, and harm their flesh; while the bodies of those who have nothing to eat are harmed by not having enough food, and their bodies are ruined. 4 So this failure to share is harmful to you who have and do not share with those who are in need. 5 Look toward the judgment that is coming. You who have more than enough, search out those who are hungry while the tower is still unfinished; for after the tower is finished, you will want to do good, and will find no opportunity for it. 6 So take care, you who revel in your wealth, that those in need do not groan, and their groaning rise up to the Lord, and you with your abundance of good things be shut outside the door of the tower.
90–140 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Shepherd of Hermas

References

“... But the community conflict that Paul diagnoses in ch. 11 is particularly relevant to Vis. 3.9 [17]. [...] Instead of coming “to eat the feast of the Lord” (κυριακὸν δεῖπνον φαγεῖν, v. 21) together, Paul claims that individuals of means eat in the Corinthian house churches apart from the poor. Given the disparity in members’ wealth, such Christians feed themselves to excess while the poor remain famished (v. 21). [...] The Lady’s statements to Hermas about his community at Rome have multiple things in common with Paul’s statements to the Corinthians. In both Vis. 3.9 [17] and 1 Corinthians, we find, for example, (1) diagnosis of divisions in the Christian community; (2) attributing the divisions to both a lack of sharing between rich and poor and, more specifically, an overindulgence on the part of the rich; and (3) linking the misbehavior and the dissensions it causes to judgment. ...”
Jonathan E. Soyars, The Shepherd of Hermas and the Pauline Legacy, NovTSup 176 (Leiden: Brill, 2019), 214–215.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Corinthians 11:21 and Shepherd of Hermas 17:3

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