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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 3

1 My child, do not forget my teaching, but let your heart keep my commandments, 2 for they will provide a long and full life and well-being for you. 3 Do not let mercy and truth leave you; bind them around your neck, write them on the tablet of your heart. 4 Then you will find favor and good understanding in the sight of God and people. 5 Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and do not rely on your own understanding. 6 Acknowledge him in all your ways, and he will make your paths straight. 7 Do not be wise in your own estimation; fear the Lord and turn away from evil. 8 This will bring healing to your body and refreshment to your inner self. 9 Honor the Lord from your wealth and from the first fruits of all your crops; 10 then your barns will be filled completely, and your vats will overflow with new wine. 11 My child, do not despise discipline from the Lord, and do not loathe his rebuke.⁠ 12 For the Lord disciplines those he loves, just as a father disciplines the son in whom he delights.⁠ 13 Blessed is the one who has found wisdom and the one who obtains understanding. 14 For her benefit is more profitable than silver, and her gain is better than gold. 15 She is more precious than rubies, and none of the things you desire can compare with her.⁠ 16 Long life is in her right hand; in her left hand are riches and honor. 17 Her ways are very pleasant, and all her paths are peaceful.⁠ 18 She is like a tree of life to those who grasp onto her, and everyone who takes hold of her will be blessed.⁠ 19 By wisdom the Lord laid the foundation of the earth;⁠ he established the heavens by understanding.⁠ 20 By his knowledge the primordial sea was broken open, so that the clouds drip down dew. 21 My child, do not let them escape from your sight; safeguard sound wisdom and discretion. 22 So they will become life for your soul and grace around your neck. 23 Then you will walk on your way with security, and you will not stumble.⁠ 24 When you lie down you will not be filled with fear; when you lie down your sleep will be pleasant. 25 Do not be afraid of sudden disaster or when destruction overtakes the wicked; 26 for the Lord will be the source of your confidence, and he will guard your foot from being caught in a trap. 27 Do not withhold good from those who need it when you have the ability to help. 28 Do not say to your neighbor, “Go! Return tomorrow and I will give it,” when you have it with you at the time. 29 Do not plot evil against your neighbor when he dwells by you unsuspectingly. 30 Do not accuse anyone without legitimate cause if he has not treated you wrongly. 31 Do not envy a violent man, and do not choose any of his ways; 32 for one who goes astray is an abomination to the Lord, but he reveals his intimate counsel to the upright. 33 The Lord’s curse is on the household of the wicked, but he blesses the home of the righteous. 34 With arrogant scoffers he is scornful, yet he shows favor to the humble.⁠ 35 The wise inherit honor,⁠ but he holds fools up to public contempt.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 3:35 and 4Q213 1:10

Hebrew Bible · Dead Sea Scrolls, Biblical Retellings

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Summary

Proverbs promises honor to the wise and contempt to fools. In 4Q213 from the Dead Sea Scrolls, Levi uses this contrast to urge his sons to learn wisdom, treating honor as a reason to pursue their education.

Passages

Proverbs 3:35

Hebrew Bible
33 The Lord’s curse is on the household of the wicked, but he blesses the home of the righteous. 34 With arrogant scoffers he is scornful, yet he shows favor to the humble. 35 The wise inherit honor, but he holds fools up to public contempt.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

4Q213 1:10

Dead Sea Scrolls, Biblical Retellings · Aramaic Levi a
9 [and whoever sows evil, his seed returns upon] him. And now, reading and instruction and wisdom 10 [teach to your sons, and wisdom will be with you] as eternal honor. Whoever learns wisdom, honor 11 [is his; but whoever despises wisdom] is given over to contempt and scorn. Look, my sons, 12 [at Joseph my brother, who taught reading and the instruction of] wisdom, for honor and for greatness and for kings 13 […] do not be slack in learning wisdom.
160–60 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 4Q213

References

“... Wisdom brings honour, many friends and social position to those who have it. This idea is already found in biblical wisdom litera- ture, e.g., Proverbs 3:35, “the wise shall obtain honor, but dullards get disgrace as their portion” and cf. ben Sira 10:30, 11:1 and 39:4: compare also Proverbs 8:11, Wisdom 8:10, etc. Very striking is the parallel in ben Sira 39:4, referring to the wise man: He serves among the great and appears before rulers; he travels in foreign lands and learns what is good and evil in the human lot. ...”
Jonas C. Greenfield, Michael E. Stone, and Esther Eshel, eds., The Aramaic Levi Document: Edition, Translation, Commentary, SVTP 19 (Leiden: Brill, 2004), 209.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 3:35 and 4Q213 1:10

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