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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 20

1 Wine is a mocker and strong drink is a brawler; whoever goes astray by them is not wise. 2 The king’s terrifying anger is like the roar of a lion; whoever provokes him sins against himself. 3 It is an honor for a person to cease from strife, but every fool quarrels. 4 The sluggard will not plow during the planting season, so at harvest time he asks for grain but has nothing. 5 Counsel in a person’s heart is like deep water, but an understanding person draws it out. 6 Many people profess their loyalty, but a faithful person—who can find? 7 The righteous person behaves in integrity; blessed are his children after him. 8 A king sitting on the throne to judge separates out all evil with his eyes. 9 Who can say, “I have kept my heart clean; I am pure from my sin”?⁠ 10 Diverse weights and diverse measures—the Lord abhors both of them. 11 Even a young man is known by his actions, whether his activity is pure and whether it is right. 12 The ear that hears and the eye that sees—the Lord has made them both. 13 Do not love sleep, lest you become impoverished; open your eyes so that you might be satisfied with food. 14 “It’s worthless! It’s worthless!” says the buyer, but when he goes on his way, he boasts. 15 There is gold and an abundance of rubies, but words of knowledge are like a precious jewel. 16 Take a man’s garment when he has given security for a stranger, and hold him in pledge on behalf of strangers. 17 Bread gained by deceit tastes sweet to a person, but afterward his mouth will be filled with gravel. 18 Plans are established by counsel, so make war with guidance. 19 The one who goes about gossiping reveals secrets; therefore do not associate with someone who is always opening his mouth. 20 The one who curses his father and his mother, his lamp will be extinguished in the blackest darkness. 21 An inheritance gained easily in the beginning will not be blessed in the end. 22 Do not say, “I will pay back evil!” Wait for the Lord, so that he may vindicate you.⁠ 23 The Lord abhors differing weights, and dishonest scales are wicked. 24 The steps of a person are ordained by the Lord—so how can anyone understand his own way? 25 It is a snare for a person to rashly cry, “Holy!” and only afterward to consider what he has vowed. 26 A wise king separates out the wicked; he turns the threshing wheel over them. 27 The human spirit is like the lamp of the Lord, searching all his innermost parts.⁠ 28 Loyal love and truth preserve a king, and his throne is upheld by loyal love. 29 The glory of young men is their strength, and the splendor of old men is gray hair. 30 Beatings and wounds cleanse away evil, and floggings cleanse the innermost being.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 20:9 and 1 John 1:8

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Proverbs poses the rhetorical question of who can truly claim to be pure from sin, presenting human imperfection as unavoidable. This idea is echoed in 1 John, which states that anyone who says they are without sin is deceiving themselves.

Passages

Proverbs 20:9

Hebrew Bible
7 The righteous person behaves in integrity; blessed are his children after him. 8 A king sitting on the throne to judge separates out all evil with his eyes. 9 Who can say, “I have kept my heart clean; I am pure from my sin”? 10 Diverse weights and diverse measures—the Lord abhors both of them. 11 Even a young man is known by his actions, whether his activity is pure and whether it is right.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

1 John 1:8

New Testament
6 If we say we have fellowship with him and yet keep on walking in the darkness, we are lying and not practicing the truth. 7 But if we walk in the light as he himself is in the light, we have fellowship with one another and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin. 8 If we say we do not bear the guilt of sin, we are deceiving ourselves and the truth is not in us. 9 But if we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous, forgiving us our sins and cleansing us from all unrighteousness. 10 If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar and his word is not in us.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 John

References

"... Once his concession is made, he returns to his exhortation to challenge the "brothers [and sisters]," or teachers, to a life of verbal purity. The concession is simple, a timeless bit of wisdom: "For all of us make many mistakes." ... (Job 4:17; Psalm 19:12; Proverbs 20:9; Jeremiah 17:9) ... James does not believe in sinlessness, nor does any writer in the New Testament (compare 1 John 1:8), but he does believe that those who have the implanted word (James 1:21) can obey the royal law of love (1:25-27; 2:8-13). The royal law of love manifests itself in verbal purity ..."
Scot McKnight, The Letter of James (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2011), 272–274.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 20:9 and 1 John 1:8

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