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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 17

1 Better is a dry crust of bread where there is quietness than a house full of feasting with strife. 2 A servant who acts wisely will rule over an heir who behaves shamefully and will share the inheritance along with the relatives. 3 The crucible is for refining silver and the furnace is for gold; likewise the Lord tests hearts. 4 One who acts wickedly pays attention to evil counsel; a liar listens to a malicious tongue. 5 The one who mocks the poor has insulted his Creator; whoever rejoices over disaster will not go unpunished. 6 Grandchildren are like a crown to the elderly, and the glory of children is their parents. 7 Excessive speech is not becoming for a fool; how much less are lies for a ruler! 8 A bribe works like a charm for the one who offers it; in whatever he does he succeeds. 9 The one who forgives an offense seeks love, but whoever repeats a matter separates close friends. 10 A rebuke makes a greater impression on a discerning person than a hundred blows on a fool. 11 An evil person seeks only rebellion, and so a cruel messenger will be sent against him. 12 It is better for a person to meet a mother bear being robbed of her cubs than to encounter a fool in his folly. 13 As for the one who repays evil for good, evil will not leave his house.⁠ 14 Starting a quarrel is like letting out water; abandon strife before it breaks out! 15 The one who acquits the guilty and the one who condemns the innocent—both of them are an abomination to the Lord. 16 What’s the point of a fool having money in hand to buy wisdom when his head is empty? 17 A friend loves at all times, and a relative is born to help in adversity. 18 The one who lacks sense strikes hands in pledge and puts up financial security for his neighbor.⁠ 19 The one who loves a quarrel loves transgression; whoever builds his gate high seeks destruction. 20 The one who has a perverse heart does not find good, and the one who is deceitful in speech falls into trouble. 21 Whoever brings a fool into the world does so to his grief, and the father of a fool has no joy. 22 A cheerful heart brings good healing, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. 23 A wicked person receives a bribe secretly to pervert the ways of justice. 24 Wisdom is directly in front of the discerning person, but the eyes of a fool run to the ends of the earth. 25 A foolish child is a grief to his father and bitterness to the mother who bore him. 26 It is terrible to punish a righteous person, and to flog honorable men is wrong. 27 The truly wise person restrains his words, and the one who stays calm is discerning.⁠ 28 Even a fool who remains silent is considered wise, and the one who holds his tongue is deemed discerning.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 17:18 and Sirach 29:14

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Proverbs warns that only the foolish risk themselves by guaranteeing another’s debt, portraying such pledges as lacking sense. Sirach disagrees with this, saying that covering someone else's debt is a good deed and presents it as a moral obligation.

Passages

Proverbs 17:18

Hebrew Bible
16 What’s the point of a fool having money in hand to buy wisdom when his head is empty? 17 A friend loves at all times, and a relative is born to help in adversity. 18 The one who lacks sense strikes hands in pledge and puts up financial security for his neighbor. 19 The one who loves a quarrel loves transgression; whoever builds his gate high seeks destruction. 20 The one who has a perverse heart does not find good, and the one who is deceitful in speech falls into trouble.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Sirach 29:14

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
12 Store up almsgiving in your store-chambers and it will deliver you out of all affliction. 13 It will fight for you against your enemy better than a mighty shield and a ponderous spear. 14 A good man will be surety for his neighbor. He who has lost shame will fail him. 15 Don’t forget the kindness of your guarantor, for he has given his life for you. 16 A sinner will waste the property of his guarantor.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... In light of the financial danger involved, the silence of the Torah on the matter, and the advice of Proverbs to avoid going surety, one might expect the sage to take a negative view of the practice... However, Ben Sira moves in exactly the opposite direction. He concludes his pericope with an imperative to stand surety for one’s neighbor. This positive command provides a counterpart to the indicative regarding the goodness of the practice in verse 14 and frames the discussion with an inclusio, in which the practice of going surety is urged as an ethical obligation. Granted, it is also tempered with a caution. One should go surety only according to one’s means in order to prevent financial ruin. Yet, in light of the dangerous social situation portrayed in the pericope it is surprising that he advocates the practice at all ..."
Bracley C. Gregory, “Ben Sira as Negotiator of Authoritative Traditions,” in Scriptural Authority in Early Judaism and Ancient Christianity, ed. Géza G. Xeravits et al. (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2013), 111–114.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 17:18 and Sirach 29:14

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