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Contra Celsum, Book 6

Against Celsus

About this book
Chapter 31

If anyone wishes to learn also the fictions of those sorcerers, by which they wished to draw people to their teaching as though they possessed some secrets, but were not at all able to, they should hear what they are taught to say after passing through what they call “the barrier of wickedness,” the gates of the archons bound forever: “I greet the solitary king, the bond of blindness, heedless forgetfulness, the first power, guarded by the spirit of providence and by wisdom; from here I am sent pure, already a part of the light of Son and Father.⁠ Grace be with me; yes, Father, let it be with me.” And they say that the beginnings of the Ogdoad are from here. Then next they are taught to say, as they pass through the one they call Ialdabaoth: “And you, Ialdabaoth, first and seventh, born to rule with confidence, being the ruling word of a pure mind, a perfect work for Son and Father, I bring a symbol marked with the imprint of life, and open to the world the gate that you closed for your age; I pass by your authority free again. Grace be with me; yes, Father, let it be with me.” And they say that the star Phainon (Saturn) is in sympathy with the lion-shaped archon. Then they think that the one who has passed through Ialdabaoth and reached Iao must say: “And you, ruler of the hidden mysteries of Son and Father, shining by night, second Iao, and first lord of death, portion of the innocent, bearing now my own beard as a symbol, I pass by your dominion, ready; having prevailed by the living word over the one born of you. Grace be with me; Father, let it be with me.” Then next comes Sabaoth, to whom they think they will say: “Ruler of the fifth authority, sovereign Sabaoth, advocate of the law of your creation, which is undone by grace, by a mightier pentad, let me pass, seeing an unblemished symbol of your art, preserved by the image of an imprint, a body undone by the pentad. Grace be with me; Father, let it be with me.” After him comes Astaphaeus, to whom they believe they will say such things: “Ruler of the third gate, Astaphaeus, overseer of the first source of water, looking upon one who is an initiate, let me pass, purified by the spirit of a virgin, seeing the being of the world. Grace be with me; Father, let it be with me.” After him comes Ailoaeus, to whom they think they should say such things: “Ruler of the second gate, Ailoaeus, let me pass, bringing you a symbol of your mother, grace hidden by the powers of the authorities. Grace be with me; Father, let it be with me.” Last they name Horaeus and think they should say to him: “You who fearlessly crossed the barrier of fire, who received the rule of the first gate, Horaeus, let me pass, seeing the symbol of your power undone by the imprint of the tree of life, taken in the image, after the likeness, of the innocent. Grace be with me; Father, let it be with me.”

Book 7

Texts in conversation

Compare Gospel of Thomas 50 and Origen, Contra Celsum 6.31

Nag Hammadi · Early Christian

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Summary

In the Gospel of Thomas, Jesus tells disciples to say they came from the light. Origen records a similar answer used to pass heavenly rulers, suggesting that Jesus' instructions could prepare disciples for a journey back to their divine home.

Passages

Gospel of Thomas 50

Nag Hammadi
49 Jesus said, “Blessed are the solitary and elect, for you will find the kingdom. For you have come from it, and to it you will return.” 50 Jesus said, “If they say to you, ‘Where did you come from?’ say to them, ‘We came from the light, from the place where the light came into being by itself, established itself, and appeared in their image.’ If they say to you, ‘Is it you?’ say, ‘We are its children, and we are the elect of the living Father.’ If they ask you, ‘What is the sign of your Father in you?’ say to them, ‘It is movement and repose.’” 51 His disciples said to him, “When will the repose of the dead come about, and when will the new world come?” He said to them, “What you look forward to has already come, but you do not recognize it.”
135–200 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Thomas

Origen, Contra Celsum 6.31

Early Christian · Against Celsus
If anyone wishes to learn also the fictions of those sorcerers, by which they wished to draw people to their teaching as though they possessed some secrets, but were not at all able to, they should hear what they are taught to say after passing through what they call “the barrier of wickedness,” the gates of the archons bound forever: “I greet the solitary king, the bond of blindness, heedless forgetfulness, the first power, guarded by the spirit of providence and by wisdom; from here I am sent pure, already a part of the light of Son and Father. Grace be with me; yes, Father, let it be with me.” And they say that the beginnings of the Ogdoad are from here.
248 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Origen, Contra Celsum 6

References

“... (4) This is Jesus’ preparation of the disciples for their post mortem heavenly ascent. This is probably the setting in many of the principal parallels elsewhere, e.g. in the Gospel of Mary, Epiphanius’ Gospel of Philip, the apolutrosis ritual described by Irenaeus and Epiphanius as well as in the First Apocalypse of James, Pistis Sophia, 2 Jeu and the Ophite diagramme as reported by Origen. This is thus the preparation which ensures that the reader ‘will not taste death’ (GTh 1). [...] 50.1 Say to them, “We have come from the light.” The kingdom from which the elect come in GTh 49 is identified here as ‘the light’, the pre-existent paradisal reality. Compare a similar element in Origen’s account of the Ophite diagramme (C. Cels. 6.31): ‘From you I am sent pure, already part of the light of the Son and the Father’ (φωτὸς ἤδη μέρος υἱοῦ καὶ πατρός). ...”
Simon Gathercole, The Gospel of Thomas: Introduction and Commentary (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 407–408.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Gospel of Thomas 50 and Origen, Contra Celsum 6.31

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