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Contra Celsum, Book 2

Against Celsus

About this book
Chapter 43

After this he says to us: “Surely you will not say of him that, having failed to persuade those who were here, he went to Hades to persuade those there.” Even if he does not wish it, we say this: that while he was in the body he persuaded not just a few but so many that he was plotted against because of the number of those persuaded; and that, having become a soul stripped of the body, he conversed with souls stripped of bodies, turning to himself those of them that were willing,⁠ or those he saw to be more fit for reasons he himself knew.

Book 3

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Peter 3:19 and Origen, Contra Celsum 2.43

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

1 Peter describes Jesus descending after death to preach to the imprisoned spirits from Noah’s time. The Christian theologian Origen interprets this as a mission to reach those lost in the flood, saying it was purposeful rather than a sign of defeat.

Passages

1 Peter 3:19

New Testament
18 Because Christ also suffered once for sins, the just for the unjust, to bring you to God, by being put to death in the flesh but by being made alive in the spirit. 19 In it he went and preached to the spirits in prison, 20 after they were disobedient long ago when God patiently waited in the days of Noah as an ark was being constructed. In the ark a few, that is eight souls, were delivered through water.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Peter

Origen, Contra Celsum 2.43

Early Christian · Against Celsus
After this he says to us: “Surely you will not say of him that, having failed to persuade those who were here, he went to Hades to persuade those there.” Even if he does not wish it, we say this: that while he was in the body he persuaded not just a few but so many that he was plotted against because of the number of those persuaded; and that, having become a soul stripped of the body, he conversed with souls stripped of bodies, turning to himself those of them that were willing, or those he saw to be more fit for reasons he himself knew.
248 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Origen, Contra Celsum 2

References

"... Origen, a contemporary of Clement, understood 1 Peter 3:18-22 in a similarly positive manner. For Origen there was still hope for the people destroyed by God’s judgement in the Flood. Furthermore, Origen seems to allude to 1 Peter 3:19 in countering Celsus’ accusation that Christ’s descent and preaching was the consequence of the failure of his earthly preaching ministry. Origen emphasizes that this aspect to Christ’s ministry was intentional in order to win converts from among the souls of the dead individuals ..."
D. N. Campbell and Fika J. van Rensburg, “A History of the Interpretation of 1 Peter 3:18–22,” Acta Patristica et Byzantina 19.1 (2008): 73–96.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Peter 3:19 and Origen, Contra Celsum 2.43

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