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Micah

About this book

The Message Given to Micah

Chapter 1

1 This is the Lord’s message that came to Micah of Moresheth during the time of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he saw concerning Samaria and Jerusalem.

The Coming of the Lord

2 Listen, all you nations! Pay attention, all inhabitants of earth! The Sovereign Lord will act as a witness against you; the Lord will accuse you from his majestic palace.⁠ 3 Look, the Lord is coming out of his dwelling place! He will descend and march on the earth’s mountaintops!⁠ 4 The mountains will crumble beneath him, and the valleys will split apart like wax before a fire,⁠ like water dumped down a steep slope.⁠ 5 All this is because of Jacob’s rebellion and the sins of the nation of Israel. And just what is Jacob’s rebellion? Isn’t it Samaria’s doings? And what is Judah’s sin? Isn’t it Jerusalem’s doings? 6 “I will turn Samaria into a heap of ruins in an open field, into a place for planting vineyards. I will dump the rubble of her walls down into the valley and lay bare her foundations. 7 All her carved idols will be smashed to pieces; all her metal cult statues will be destroyed by fire. I will make a waste heap of all her images. Since she gathered the metal as a prostitute collects her wages, the idols will become a prostitute’s wages again.”⁠

A Lament for Samaria, and Jerusalem Too

8 For this reason I will mourn and wail; I will walk around barefoot and without my outer garments.⁠ I will howl like a jackal and screech like an ostrich.⁠ 9 For Samaria’s disease is incurable. It has infected Judah; it has spread to the leadership of my people and even to Jerusalem!

10 Don’t spread the news in Gath. Don’t shed even a single tear. In Beth Leaphrah roll about in mourning in the dust! 11 Residents of Shaphir, pass by in nakedness and humiliation! The residents of Zaanan have not escaped. Beth Ezel mourns, “He takes from you what he desires.”⁠ 12 Indeed, the residents of Maroth hope for something good to happen, though the Lord has sent disaster against the city of Jerusalem.⁠ 13 Residents of Lachish, hitch the horses to the chariots! You influenced Daughter Zion to sin, for Israel’s rebellious deeds can be traced back to you! 14 Therefore you will have to say farewell to Moresheth Gath. The residents of Achzib will be as disappointing as a dried up well to the kings of Israel. 15 Residents of Mareshah, a conqueror will attack you; the leaders of Israel shall flee to Adullam. 16 Shave your heads bald as you mourn for the children you love;⁠ shave your foreheads as bald as an eagle, for they are taken from you into exile.

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Texts in conversation

Compare Micah 1:3 and Jonathan Micah 1:3

Hebrew Bible · Targum

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Summary

In the Hebrew version of Micah, God comes down from his dwelling. In the Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan, he reveals himself instead, avoiding the description of God moving like a human.

Passages

Micah 1:3

Hebrew Bible
2 Listen, all you nations! Pay attention, all inhabitants of earth! The Sovereign Lord will act as a witness against you; the Lord will accuse you from his majestic palace.3 Look, the Lord is coming out of his dwelling place! He will descend and march on the earth’s mountaintops!4 The mountains will crumble beneath him, and the valleys will split apart like wax before a fire, like water dumped down a steep slope.5 All this is because of Jacob’s rebellion and the sins of the nation of Israel. And just what is Jacob’s rebellion? Isn’t it Samaria’s doings? And what is Judah’s sin? Isn’t it Jerusalem’s doings?
740–401 BCE Read in Micah

Jonathan Micah 1:3

Targum · Targum Jonathan to the Prophets
2 Listen, all you peoples! Pay attention, earth and everything in it! May the Memra of the Lord God testify against you, the Lord from His holy temple.3 For the Lord is revealing Himself from the place where His Shekinah dwells. He will reveal Himself and trample the earth’s strongholds. 4 Mountains will dissolve beneath Him, and plains will split apart, like wax before a fire, like water pouring down a slope.5 All this is because of the offenses of Jacob’s house and the sins of Israel’s house. Where did Jacob’s house offend? Wasn’t it in Samaria? Where did Judah’s house sin? Wasn’t it in Jerusalem?

References

“... MT “comes forth”. Tz. employs one of its stock verbs (g/y) to remove the reference to God acting like a human. ...”
Kevin J. Cathcart and Robert P. Gordon, The Targum of the Minor Prophets, ArBib 14 (Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1989), 113.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Micah 1:3 and Jonathan Micah 1:3

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