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LXX Joshua

Septuagint

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Chapter 5

1 And it happened when the kings of the Amorites who were beyond Jordan heard, and the kings of Phoenicia by the sea, that the Lord God had dried up the river Jordan from before the children of Israel when they passed over, that their hearts failed, and they were terror-stricken, and there was no sense in them because of the children of Israel. 2 And about this time the Lord said to Joshua, Make yourself stone knives of sharp stone, and sit down and circumcise the children of Israel. 3 And Joshua made sharp knives of stone, and circumcised the children of Israel at the place called the Hill of Foreskins. 4 And this is the way in which Joshua purified the children of Israel; as many as were born in the way, and as many as were uncircumcised of those who came out of Egypt, 5 all these Joshua circumcised. 6 For forty and two years Israel wandered in the wilderness of Mabdaris; therefore most of the fighting men that came out of the land of Egypt were uncircumcised, who disobeyed the commands of God; concerning whom also he determined that they should not see the land, which the Lord swore to their fathers to give to us, a land flowing with milk and honey. 7 And in their place he raised up their sons, whom Joshua circumcised, because they were uncircumcised, having been born by the way. 8 And when they had been circumcised they rested continuing there in the camp till they were healed. 9 And the Lord said to Joshua the son of Nun, On this day I have removed the reproach of Egypt from you: and he called the name of that place Gilgal. 10 And the children of Israel kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, to the westward of Jericho on the opposite side of the Jordan in the plain. 11 And they ate of the grain of the earth unleavened and new⁠ on this day. 12 The manna failed, after they had eaten of the grain of the land, and the children of Israel no longer had manna: and they took the fruits of the land of the Phoenicians in that year. 13 And it happened when Joshua was in Jericho, that he looked up with his eyes and saw a man standing before him, and there was a drawn sword in his hand; and Joshua drew near and said to him, Are you for us or on the side of our enemies? 14 And he said to him, I have now come, the chief captain of the host of the Lord. And Joshua fell on his face upon the earth, and said to him, Lord, what do you command your servant? 15 And the captain of the Lord's host said to Joshua, Loose your shoe off your feet, for the place on which you now stand is holy.

Texts in conversation

Compare Joshua 5:11 and LXX Joshua 5:11

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Joshua 5 says specifically when the Israelites ate after Passover, a detail absent in the Greek Septuagint. The Greek text likely preserves an earlier form, while the Masoretic text added the detail to harmonize with priestly festival traditions.

Passages

Joshua 5:11

Hebrew Bible
9 The Lord said to Joshua, “Today I have taken away the disgrace of Egypt from you.” So that place is called Gilgal even to this day. 10 So the Israelites camped in Gilgal and celebrated the Passover in the evening of the fourteenth day of the month in the rift valley plains of Jericho. 11 They ate some of the produce of the land the day after the Passover, including unleavened bread and roasted grain. 12 The manna stopped appearing the day they ate some of the produce of the land; the Israelites never ate manna again. They ate from the produce of the land of Canaan that year.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Joshua

LXX Joshua 5:11

Septuagint
9 And the Lord said to Joshua the son of Nun, On this day I have removed the reproach of Egypt from you: and he called the name of that place Gilgal. 10 And the children of Israel kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, to the westward of Jericho on the opposite side of the Jordan in the plain. 11 And they ate of the grain of the earth unleavened and new on this day. 12 The manna failed, after they had eaten of the grain of the land, and the children of Israel no longer had manna: and they took the fruits of the land of the Phoenicians in that year.
200–101 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Joshua

References

"... Whereas previous scholars had treated the variants between LXX and the Masoretic text in a rather atomistic way, Holmes pointed to the inner logic of the shorter LXX version and the coherence of the pluses in the Masoretic. The fact, for instance, that in Joshua 5.11-12 both the phrase ‘on the day after Passover’ and the phrase ‘on the day’ are not represented in Greek cannot be attributed to scribal error. Rather they must reflect a later redaction of the shorter Hebrew version underlying LXX that sought to adjust the Joshua narrative to the priestly regulations in Leviticus 23.4-8, 9-14 ..."
Michaël N. van der Meer, “Joshua,” in The T&T Clark Companion to the Septuagint, ed. James K. Aitken, Bloomsbury Companions (London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015), 86–101.
"... Like Orlinsky, Chesman, Tov and others, K. Bieberstein considers the plus עבד יהוה in the four passages to be secondary additions to the shorter text as reflected by the Masoretic text, influenced by the growing stature of the figure of Moses, and the corresponding increase in the use of this epithet for Moses in post-Exilic literature, such as in the books of Nehemiah, Chronicles, and Daniel (1 Chronicles 6:34, the LXX plus in 1 Chronicles 16:30, 2 Chronicles 1:3, and 2 Chronicles 24:6 and 24:9) ..."
Michael N. van der Meer, Formation and Reformulation: The Redaction of the Book of Joshua in the Light of the Oldest Textual Witnesses, VTSup 102 (Leiden: Brill, 2004), 180.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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