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LXX Jeremiah

Septuagint

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Chapter 15

1 And the Lord said to me, Though Moses and Samuel stood before my face, my soul could not be toward them: dismiss this people, and let them go forth. 2 And it shall be, if they say to you, Where shall we go forth? then you shall say to them, Thus says the Lord; As many as are for death, to death; and as many as are for the sword, to the sword; and as many as are for famine, to famine; and as many as are for captivity, to captivity.⁠ 3 And I will punish them with four kinds of death, says the Lord, the sword to kill, and the dogs to tear, and the wild beasts of the earth, and the birds of the sky to devour and destroy. 4 And I will deliver them up for distress to all the kingdoms of the earth, because of Manasseh son of Hezekiah king of Judah, for all that he did in Jerusalem. 5 Who will spare you, Jerusalem? and who will fear for you? or who will turn back to ask for your welfare? 6 You have turned away from me, says the Lord, you will go back: therefore I will stretch out my hand, and will destroy you, and will no more spare them. 7 And I will completely scatter them; in the gates of my people they are bereaved of children: they have destroyed my people because of their iniquities. 8 Their widows have been multiplied more than the sand of the sea: I have brought upon the mother of the young man distress at noon-day: I have suddenly cast upon her trembling and anxiety. 9 She that bore seven is spent; her soul has fainted under trouble; her sun is gone down while it is yet noon; she is ashamed and disgraced: I will give the remnant of them to the sword before their enemies. 10 Woe is me, my mother! you have borne me as some man of strife, and at variance with the whole earth; I have not helped others, nor has any one helped me; my strength has failed among those who curse me. 11 Be it so, Lord, in their prosperity; surely I stood before you in the time of their calamities, and in the time of their affliction, for their good against the enemy. 12 Will iron be known, and a brass covering? 13 Your strength and your treasures I will give for plunder as a punishment, because of all your sins, and that in all your borders. 14 And I will enslave you to your enemies all around, in a land which you have not known; for a fire has been kindled out of my fierce anger; it shall burn upon you. 15 Lord, remember me, and visit me, and vindicate me before those who persecute me; do not bear long with them; know how I have met with reproach for your sake, 16 from those who set at nothing your words; consume them; and your word shall be to me for the joy and gladness of my heart: for your name has been called upon me, Lord Almighty. 17 I have not sat in the assembly of them as they mocked, but I feared because of your power: I sat alone, for I was filled with bitterness. 18 Why do they that grieve me prevail against me? my wound is severe; from where shall I be healed? it has indeed become to me as deceitful water, that has no faithfulness. 19 Therefore thus says the Lord, If you will return, then I will restore you, and you shall stand before my face: and if you will bring forth the precious from the worthless, you shall be as my mouth: and they shall return to you; but you shall not return to them. 20 And I will make you to this people as a strong brass wall; and they shall fight against you, but they shall by no means prevail against you; for I am with you to save you, 21 and to deliver you out of the hand of wicked men; and I will ransom you out of the hand of pestilent men.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Jeremiah 15:2 and Revelation 13:10

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation 13 adapts Jeremiah 15, where different fates are assigned to those who will be judged. In Jeremiah, this describes punishments for the nation’s sins, but Revelation reshapes them into encouragement for those suffering for their faith.

Passages

LXX Jeremiah 15:2

Septuagint
1 And the Lord said to me, Though Moses and Samuel stood before my face, my soul could not be toward them: dismiss this people, and let them go forth. 2 And it shall be, if they say to you, Where shall we go forth? then you shall say to them, Thus says the Lord; As many as are for death, to death; and as many as are for the sword, to the sword; and as many as are for famine, to famine; and as many as are for captivity, to captivity. 3 And I will punish them with four kinds of death, says the Lord, the sword to kill, and the dogs to tear, and the wild beasts of the earth, and the birds of the sky to devour and destroy. 4 And I will deliver them up for distress to all the kingdoms of the earth, because of Manasseh son of Hezekiah king of Judah, for all that he did in Jerusalem.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Jeremiah

Revelation 13:10

New Testament
8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. 9 If anyone has an ear, he had better listen! 10 If anyone is meant for captivity, into captivity he will go. If anyone is to be killed by the sword, then by the sword he must be killed. This requires steadfast endurance and faith from the saints. 11 Then I saw another beast coming up from the earth. He had two horns like a lamb, but was speaking like a dragon. 12 He exercised all the ruling authority of the first beast on his behalf, and made the earth and those who inhabit it worship the first beast, the one whose lethal wound had been healed.
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... Regarding the hardships in Revelation 13:10, interestingly, John the Seer describes them with proverbial sayings, which Aune claims allude to LXX Jeremiah 15:2 or 50:11 ... his comparison offers several suggestions. First, it is clear that John the Seer employs the form of proverbial saying in LXX Jeremiah 15:2, using the protasis and the apodosis with the preposition εἰς to identify each clause. Second, even though John uses LXX Jeremiah 15:2 in Revelation 13:10, he does not follow it strictly word for word. Rather, he adapts it and even intentionally omits the second and fourth lines. Aune offers a good comment on these omissions. He states that in LXX Jeremiah 15:2, the prophet writes this proverbial saying to indicate the punishments of God as consequences for the sins of God’s people. Thus, the punishments include pestilence, the sword, famine, and captivity. But in Revelation, the fate of captivity and the fate of the sword are consequences for those who attempt to practice their faith and maintain endurance. Thus, John the Seer intentionally omits the second and the fourth lines, which do not serve his purpose ..."
Wiriya Tipvarakankoon, The Theme of Deception in the Book of Revelation: Bringing Early Christian and Contemporary Thai Cultures into Dialogue, Claremont Studies in New Testament and Christian Origins 2 (Claremont, CA: Claremont, 2017), 145.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Jeremiah 15:2 and Revelation 13:10

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