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LXX Isaiah

Septuagint

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Chapter 23

1 THE VISION CONCERNING TYRE. Howl, you ships of Carthage;⁠ for she has perished, and men no longer arrive from the land of the Kittim: she is led captive. 2 To whom have the dwellers in the island become like, the merchants of Phoenicia, passing over the sea 3 in great waters, a generation of merchants? as when the harvest is gathered in, so are these traders with the nations. 4 Be ashamed, Sidon: the sea has said, yes, the strength of the sea has said, I have not been in labor, nor brought forth, nor have I brought up young men, nor reared virgins. 5 Moreover when it shall be heard in Egypt, sorrow shall seize them for Tyre. 6 Depart to Carthage; howl, you that dwell in this island. 7 Was not this your pride from the beginning, before she was given up? 8 Who has devised this counsel against Tyre? Is she inferior? or has she no strength? her merchants were the glorious princes of the earth. 9 The Lord of hosts has purposed to bring down all the pride of the glorious ones, and to disgrace every glorious thing on the earth. 10 Till your land; for ships no more come out of Carthage. 11 And your hand prevails no more by sea, which troubled kings: the Lord of hosts has given a command concerning Canaan, to destroy its strength. 12 And men shall say, You shall no longer at all continue to insult and injure the daughter of Sidon: and if you depart to the Kittim, neither there shall you have rest. 13 And if you depart to the land of the Chaldeans, this also is laid waste by the Assyrians; neither there shall you have rest, for her wall has fallen. 14 Howl, you ships of Carthage: for your strong hold is destroyed. 15 And it will happen in that day, that Tyre shall be left seventy years, as the time of a king, as the time of a man: and it will happen after seventy years, that Tyre shall be as the song of a harlot. 16 Take a harp, go about, city, you harlot that have been forgotten; play well on the harp, sing many songs, that you may be remembered. 17 And it will happen after the seventy years, that God will visit Tyre, and she shall be again restored to her primitive state, and she shall be a mart for all the kingdoms of the world. 18 And her trade and her gain shall be holiness to the Lord: it shall not be gathered for them, but for those that dwell before the Lord, even all her trade, to eat and drink and be filled, and for a covenant and a memorial before the Lord.

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Compare Isaiah 23:1 and LXX Isaiah 23:1

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Isaiah 23 is a prophecy about the fall of the trading city Tyre. The Greek Septuagint names Carthage instead, changing the same passage into a prophecy about the fall of a city the translators were familiar with.

Passages

Isaiah 23:1

Hebrew Bible
1 This is an oracle about Tyre: Wail, you large ships, for the port is too devastated to enter! From the land of Cyprus this news is announced to them. 2 Lament, you residents of the coast, you merchants of Sidon who travel over the sea, whose agents sail over 3 the deep waters. Grain from the Shihor region, crops grown near the Nile she receives; she is the trade center of the nations.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

LXX Isaiah 23:1

Septuagint
1 THE VISION CONCERNING TYRE. Howl, you ships of Carthage; for she has perished, and men no longer arrive from the land of the Kittim: she is led captive. 2 To whom have the dwellers in the island become like, the merchants of Phoenicia, passing over the sea 3 in great waters, a generation of merchants? as when the harvest is gathered in, so are these traders with the nations.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

References

... This type of “visionary” interpretation seems to lie at the basis of the Septuagint of Isaiah 23. In sum, as far as the aspect of fulfilment-interpretation is concerned, the vision of Tyre in the Septuagint of Isaiah 23 can very well be understood as witnessing to the interpretation of following political events as signs of the time in the light of the ancient oracle of Isaiah 23 in Hebrew: the complete destruction of Carthage by the Romans in the year 146 B.C., seen as having serious consequences for the position of Tyre, the mother-city of Carthage; the Parthian invasion in Babylonia, presumably understood as a sign of the nearby breakdown of the Seleucid empire; the involvement of Tyre, in some way or another, in the Hellenization of the city and temple of Jerusalem. ...
Arie van der Kooij, The Oracle of Tyre: The Septuagint of Isaiah XXIII as Version and Vision, VTSup 71 (Leiden: Brill, 1998), 109.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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