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LXX Genesis

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 46

1 And Israel departed, he and all that he had, and came to the well of the oath; and he offered sacrifice to the God of his father Isaac. 2 And God spoke to Israel in a night vision, saying, Jacob, Jacob; and he said, What is it? 3 And he says to him, I am the God of your fathers; do not fear to go down into Egypt, for I will make you there a great nation. 4 And I will go down with you into Egypt, and I will bring you up at the end; and Joseph shall put his hands on your eyes. 5 And Jacob rose up from the well of the oath; and the sons of Israel took up their father, and the baggage, and their wives on the wagons, which Joseph sent to take him. 6 And they took up their goods, and all their property, which they had gotten in the land of Canaan; they came into the land of Egypt, Jacob, and all his seed with him. 7 The sons, and the sons of his sons with him; his daughters, and the daughters of his sons; and he brought all his seed into Egypt. 8 And these are the names of the sons of Israel that went into Egypt, Jacob and his sons. The firstborn of Jacob, Reuben. 9 And the sons of Reuben; Enoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. 10 and the sons of Simeon; Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Saul, the son of a Canaanite woman. 11 And the sons of Levi; Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. 12 And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Perez, and Zerah: and Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Perez were Hezron, and Jemuel. 13 And the sons of Issachar; Tola, and Puah, and Jashub, and Shimron. 14 And the sons of Zebulun, Sered, and Allon, and Jahleel. 15 These are the sons of Leah, which she bore to Jacob in Mesopotamia of Syria, and Dinah his daughter; all the souls, sons and daughters, thirty-three. 16 And the sons of Gad; Zephon, and Haggi, and Shuni, and Ezbon, and Aedis, and Arodi, and Areli. 17 And the sons of Asher; Imnah, Ishvah, and Jeul, and Beriah, and Serah their sister. And the sons of Beriah; Heber, and Malchiel. 18 These are the sons of Zilpah, which Laban gave to his daughter Leah, who bore these to Jacob, sixteen souls. 19 And the sons of Rachel, the wife of Jacob; Joseph, and Benjamin. 20 And there were sons born to Joseph in the land of Egypt, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, priest of Heliopolis, bore to him, even Manasseh and Ephraim. And there were sons born to Manasseh, which the Syrian concubine bore to him, even Machir. And Machir fathered Gilead. And the sons of Ephraim, the brother of Manasseh; Shuthelah, and Taam. And the sons of Shuthelah; Eden. 21 and the sons of Benjamin; Bela, and Heber, and Ashbel. And the sons of Bela were Gera, and Naaman, and Ehi, and Rosh, and Muppim, and Huppim. And Gera fathered Arad. 22 These are the sons of Rachel, which she bore to Jacob; all the souls eighteen. 23 And the sons of Dan; Hushim. 24 And the sons of Naphtali; Asiel, and Guni, and Izhar, and Shillem. 25 These are the sons of Bilhah, whom Laban gave to his daughter Rachel, who bore these to Jacob; all the souls, seven. 26 And all the souls that came with Jacob into Egypt, who were his own descendants, besides the wives of the sons of Jacob, even all the souls were sixty-six. 27 And the sons of Joseph, who were born to him in the land of Egypt, were nine souls; all the souls of the house of Jacob who came with Joseph into Egypt, were seventy-five souls.⁠ 28 And he sent Judah before him to Joseph, to meet him at Heroonpolis, into the land of Rameses. 29 And Joseph having made ready his chariots, went up to meet Israel his father, at Heroonpolis; and having appeared to him, fell on his neck, and wept with abundant weeping. 30 And Israel said to Joseph, After this I will gladly die, since I have seen your face, for you are yet living. 31 And Joseph said to his brothers, I will go up and tell Pharaoh, and will say to him, My brothers, and my father's house, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me. 32 And the men are shepherds; for they have been feeders of cattle, and they have brought with them their cattle, and their oxen, and all their property. 33 If then Pharaoh calls you, and says to you, What is your occupation? 34 You shall say, We your servants are herdsmen from our youth until now, both we and our fathers: that you may dwell in the land of Goshen of Arabia, for every shepherd is an abomination to the Egyptians.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 46:27 and LXX Genesis 46:27 and Jubilees 44:33

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint · Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions

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Summary

The Hebrew version of Genesis says Jacob's household in Egypt had seventy people, while the Greek Septuagint translation follows a different tradition that says seventy-five. Jubilees addresses the difference, counting seventy and noting five who died.

Passages

Genesis 46:27

Hebrew Bible
26 All the direct descendants of Jacob who went to Egypt with him were sixty-six in number. (This number does not include the wives of Jacob’s sons.) 27 Counting the two sons of Joseph who were born to him in Egypt, all the people of the household of Jacob who were in Egypt numbered seventy. 28 Jacob sent Judah before him to Joseph to accompany him to Goshen. So they came to the land of Goshen.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

LXX Genesis 46:27

Septuagint
26 And all the souls that came with Jacob into Egypt, who were his own descendants, besides the wives of the sons of Jacob, even all the souls were sixty-six. 27 And the sons of Joseph, who were born to him in the land of Egypt, were nine souls; all the souls of the house of Jacob who came with Joseph into Egypt, were seventy-five souls. 28 And he sent Judah before him to Joseph, to meet him at Heroonpolis, into the land of Rameses.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

Jubilees 44:33

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
30 And these are the names of the sons of Naphtali: Jahziel, and Guni and Jezer, and Shallum, and 'Iv. 31 And 'Iv, who was born after the years of famine, died in Egypt. 32 And all the people of Rachel were twenty-six. 33 And all the people of Jacob which went into Egypt were seventy people. These are his children and his children's children, in all seventy, but five died in Egypt before Joseph, and had no children. 34 And in the land of Canaan two sons of Judah died, Er and Onan, and they had no children, and the children of Israel buried those who perished, and they were counted among the seventy nations.
170–125 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jubilees

References

... The text of Jubilees likewise offers some confusing numbers. The writer reaches the total of seventy by adding up the sums he has supplied throughout the list. In their simplest form they are: Leah thirty (including Jacob), Zilpah fourteen (the total for Leah is forty-four), Rachel fourteen, and Bilhah twelve (the total for Rachel is twenty-six); all told, they are seventy. However, the writer then takes up the cases of five individuals who died in Egypt: Dan's four extra sons (Samon, Asudi, Iyaka, Salomon) and Naphtali's fifth son Ev. The names belong in the total of seventy for the entire list, so the author is not excluding them from it. He had already reported that those four sons of Dan died the year they entered Egypt, so they legitimately belong among those who entered with Jacob. ...
James C. VanderKam, Jubilees 2: A Commentary on the Book of Jubilees Chapters 22-50 (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2018), 1100–1102.
... Seventy souls are numbered in Genesis 46:27; Exodus 1:5; and Deuteronomy 10:22. Stephen follows the Septuagint with his numbering, which has the number 75 in the first two passages.—In Jubilees 44:33, the two numbers are harmonized: “All the souls (of the children) of Jacob who went into Egypt were 70. And these are now his children and the children of his children, all together they were 70; but there were five who died in Egypt before they married, and they had no children.”—In the rabbinic literature, there are many attempts to reconcile the numbers 66 and 70 in Genesis 46:26 and 27. ...
Hermann L. Strack and Paul Billerbeck, A Commentary on the New Testament from the Talmud and Midrash, Volume 2: Mark through Acts (Bellingham, WA: Lexham, 2022), 1283.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 46:27 and LXX Genesis 46:27 and Jubilees 44:33

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