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LXX Genesis

Septuagint

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Chapter 37

1 And Jacob lived in the land where his father stayed, in the land of Canaan. 2 And these are the generations of Jacob. And Joseph was seventeen years old, feeding the sheep of his father with his brothers, being young; with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, the wives of his father; and Joseph brought to Israel their father an evil reproach. 3 And Jacob loved Joseph more than all his sons, because he was to him the son of old age; and he made for him a coat of many colors. 4 And his brothers having seen that his father loved him more than all his sons, hated him, and could not speak anything peaceful to him. 5 And Joseph dreamed a dream, and reported it to his brothers. 6 And he said to them, Hear this dream which I have dreamed. 7 I thought we were binding sheaves in the middle of the field, and my sheaf stood up and was erected, and your sheaves turned round, and bowed in respect to my sheaf. 8 And his brothers said to him, Shall you indeed reign over us, or shall you indeed be lord over us? And they hated him still more for his dreams and for his words. 9 And he dreamed another dream, and related it to his father, and to his brothers, and said, Look, I have dreamed another dream: as it were the sun, and the moon, and the eleven stars did me reverence. 10 And his father rebuked him, and said to him, What is this dream which you have dreamed? shall indeed both I and your mother and your brothers come and bow before you to the earth? 11 And his brothers envied him; but his father observed the saying. 12 And his brothers went to feed the sheep of their father to Shechem. 13 And Israel said to Joseph, Do not your brothers feed their flock in Shechem? Come, I will send you to them; and he said to him, Look, I am here. 14 And Israel said to him, Go and see if your brothers and the sheep are well, and bring me word; and he sent him out of the valley of Hebron, and he came to Shechem. 15 And a man found him wandering in the field; and the man asked him, saying, What do you seek? 16 And he said, I am seeking my brothers; tell me where they feed their flocks. 17 And the man said to him, They have departed from here, for I heard them saying, Let us go to Dothan; and Joseph went after his brothers, and found them in Dothan. 18 And they spied him from a distance before he drew near to them, and they wickedly took counsel to kill him. 19 And each said to his brother, Look, that dreamer comes. 20 Now then come, let us kill him, and cast him into one of the pits; and we will say, An evil wild beast has devoured him; and we shall see what his dreams will be. 21 And Reuben having heard it, rescued him out of their hands, and said, Let us not kill him. 22 And Reuben said to them, Do not shed blood; cast him into this pit in the wilderness, but do not lay your hands upon him; that he might rescue him out of their hands, and restore him to his father. 23 And it happened, when Joseph came to his brothers, that they stripped Joseph of his many-colored coat that was upon him. 24 And they took him and cast him into the pit; and the pit was empty, it had no water. 25 And they sat down to eat bread; and having lifted up their eyes they saw, and look, Ishmaelite travelers came from Gilead, and their camels were heavily loaded with spices, and resin, and myrrh; and they went to bring them to Egypt. 26 And Judah said to his brothers, What profit is it if we kill our brother, and conceal his blood? 27 Come, let us sell him to these Ishmaelites, but let not our hands be upon him, because he is our brother and our flesh; and his brothers listened. 28 And the men, the merchants of Midian, went by, and they drew and lifted Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of gold;⁠ and they brought Joseph down into Egypt. 29 And Reuben returned to the pit, and does not see Joseph in the pit; and he tore his garments. 30 And he returned to his brothers and said, The boy is not; and I, where am I yet to go? 31 And having taken the coat of Joseph, they killed a kid of the goats, and stained the coat with the blood. 32 And they sent the coat of many colors; and they brought it to their father, and said, We have found this; know if it be your son's coat or not. 33 And he recognized it, and said, It is my son's coat, an evil wild beast has devoured him; a wild beast has carried off Joseph. 34 And Jacob tore his clothes, and put sackcloth on his waist, and mourned for his son many days. 35 And all his sons and his daughters gathered themselves together, and came to comfort him; but he would not be comforted, saying, I will go down to my son mourning to Hades; and his father wept for him. 36 And the Midianites sold Joseph into Egypt; to Potiphar, the eunuch of Pharaoh, captain of the guard.

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Compare Genesis 37:28 and LXX Genesis 37:28

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Genesis 37 says Joseph was sold for twenty pieces of silver, the value of a slave in the ancient Near East at the time. The Greek Septuagint changes this to use Greek currency, reflecting the price of a slave many centuries later.

Passages

Genesis 37:28

Hebrew Bible
26 Then Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is there if we kill our brother and cover up his blood? 27 Come, let’s sell him to the Ishmaelites, but let’s not lay a hand on him, for after all, he is our brother, our own flesh.” His brothers agreed. 28 So when the Midianite merchants passed by, Joseph’s brothers pulled him out of the cistern and sold him to the Ishmaelites for 20 pieces of silver. The Ishmaelites then took Joseph to Egypt. 29 Later Reuben returned to the cistern to find that Joseph was not in it! He tore his clothes, 30 returned to his brothers, and said, “The boy isn’t there! And I, where can I go?”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

LXX Genesis 37:28

Septuagint
26 And Judah said to his brothers, What profit is it if we kill our brother, and conceal his blood? 27 Come, let us sell him to these Ishmaelites, but let not our hands be upon him, because he is our brother and our flesh; and his brothers listened. 28 And the men, the merchants of Midian, went by, and they drew and lifted Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of gold; and they brought Joseph down into Egypt. 29 And Reuben returned to the pit, and does not see Joseph in the pit; and he tore his garments. 30 And he returned to his brothers and said, The boy is not; and I, where am I yet to go?
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

References

"... Genesis 37:28 contains another example of culturally based adaptation. The point at issue here is the price for which Joseph is sold by his brothers to the Ishmaelites ... As it turns out, the average price for a slave in the time and place of the LXX translator was considerably higher than the twenty silver pieces mentioned in the Hebrew text. The intended denomination is undoubtedly the shekel, which was equivalent to the Greek didrachma. Papyrus evidence from 3 B.C. indicates that the χρύσεος / χρυσοῦς ('gold') was equivalent to twenty silver drachmas or ten didrachmas. Thus, the Greek translator set a price that would have been more in line with the going rate in 3 B.C. Alexandrian slave markets ..."
Robert J. V. Hiebert, Translation Technique in the Septuagint of Genesis and its Implications for the NETS Version (International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies, Vol. 33, 2000), 76–93.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 37:28 and LXX Genesis 37:28

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