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LXX 2 Samuel

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 1

1 And it happened after Saul was dead, that David returned from striking Amalek, and David stayed two days in Ziklag. 2 And it happened on the third day, that, look, a man came from the camp, from the people of Saul, and his garments were torn, and earth was upon his head: and it happened when he went in to David, that he fell upon the earth, and bowed in respect to him. 3 And David said to him, Where do you come from? and he said to him, I have escaped out of the camp of Israel. 4 And David said to him, What is the matter? tell me. And he said, The people fled out of the battle, and many of the people have fallen and are dead, and Saul and Jonathan his son are dead. 5 And David said to the young man who brought him the news, How do you know that Saul and Jonathan his son are dead? 6 And the young man that brought the news, said to him, I happened accidentally to be upon mount Gilboa; and, look, Saul was leaning upon his spear, and, look, the chariots and captains of horse pressed hard upon him. 7 And he looked behind him, and saw me, and called me; and I said, Look, here I am. 8 And he said to me, Who are you? and I said, I am an Amalekite. 9 And he said to me, Stand, Please, over me, and kill me, for a dreadful darkness has come upon me, for all my life is in me. 10 So I stood over him and killed him, because I knew he would not live after he had fallen; and I took the crown that was upon his head, and the bracelet that was upon his arm, and I have brought them here to my lord. 11 And David laid hold of his garments, and tore them; and all the men who were with him tore their garments. 12 And they lamented, and wept, and fasted till evening, for Saul and for Jonathan his son, and for the people of Judah, and for the house of Israel, because they were struck with the sword. 13 And David said to the young man who brought the news to him, Where are you from? and he said, I am the son of an Amalekite temporary resident. 14 And David said to him, How was it you were not afraid to lift your hand to destroy the anointed of the Lord? 15 And David called one of his young men, and said, Go and fall upon him: and he struck him, and he died. 16 And David said to him, Your blood be upon your own head; for your mouth has testified against you, saying, I have killed the anointed of the Lord. 17 And David lamented with this lamentation over Saul and over Jonathan his son. 18 And he gave orders to teach it the sons of Judah: look, it is written in the book of Right. 19 Set up a pillar, Israel, for those killed upon your high places: how are the mighty fallen! 20 Do not tell it in Gath, and do not tell it as glad news in the streets of Ashkelon, for fear that the daughters of the Philistines might rejoice, for fear that the daughters of the uncircumcised might triumph. 21 You mountains of Gilboa, let not dew nor rain descend upon you,⁠ nor fields of first fruits be upon you, for there the shield of the mighty ones has been severely assailed; the shield of Saul was not anointed with oil. 22 From the blood of those killed, and from the fat of the mighty, the bow of Jonathan did not return empty; and the sword of Saul did not turn back empty. 23 Saul and Jonathan, the beloved and the beautiful, were not divided: handsome were they in their life, and in their death they were not divided: they were swifter than eagles, and they were stronger than lions. 24 Daughters of Israel, weep for Saul, who clothed you with scarlet together with your adorning, who added golden ornaments to your clothing. 25 How are the mighty fallen in the midst of the battle! Jonathan, even those killed upon your high places! 26 I am grieved for you, my brother Jonathan; you were very lovely to me; your love to me was wonderful beyond the love of women. 27 How are the mighty fallen, and the weapons of war perished!

Texts in conversation

Compare 2 Samuel 1:21 and LXX 2 Samuel 1:21

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

In 2 Samuel, David curses the mountains of Gilboa with obscure Hebrew. The Greek Septuagint struggles with this, trying to clarify it by connecting “fields of offerings” with “fields of first fruits,” and repeating the beginning of the poem.

Passages

2 Samuel 1:21

Hebrew Bible
20 Don’t report it in Gath, don’t spread the news in the streets of Ashkelon, or the daughters of the Philistines will rejoice, the daughters of the uncircumcised will celebrate! 21 O mountains of Gilboa, may there be no dew or rain on you, nor fields of grain offerings! For it was there that the shield of warriors was defiled; the shield of Saul lies neglected without oil. 22 From the blood of the slain, from the fat of warriors, the bow of Jonathan was not turned away. The sword of Saul never returned empty.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Samuel

LXX 2 Samuel 1:21

Septuagint
20 Do not tell it in Gath, and do not tell it as glad news in the streets of Ashkelon, for fear that the daughters of the Philistines might rejoice, for fear that the daughters of the uncircumcised might triumph. 21 You mountains of Gilboa, let not dew nor rain descend upon you, nor fields of first fruits be upon you, for there the shield of the mighty ones has been severely assailed; the shield of Saul was not anointed with oil. 22 From the blood of those killed, and from the fat of the mighty, the bow of Jonathan did not return empty; and the sword of Saul did not turn back empty.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX 2 Samuel

References

"... upon you ... the deeps. The Masoretic text seems to mean, 'upon you, nor fields of offerings'. This reading has been taken by those who retain it 'to mean that David lays a curse on the hills of Gilboa that there be no field bearing fine fruits, worthy of being set aside for sacred imposts' (Gordis, 1940), who goes on to say, 'That this is far-fetched and unsatisfactory is obvious ...'). The Septuagint suggests a different reading ... This reading is intelligible in the context, and a case might be made for its originality but the first part of it which corresponds to the Masoretic text is evidently an intrusion from the opening line of the poem, which may have been introduced marginally to correct the reading but found its way into the text at this point. Surely, then it follows that we must reject the rest of the Septuagint reading as well, inasmuch as it makes little sense after ('and the fields of the mountains of death'). We are obliged, it seems, to make sense of this by reinterpretation or emendation ..."
P. Kyle McCarter, The Anchor Yale Bible: 2 Samuel (Doubleday, 1986), 69.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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