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Luke

About this book
Chapter 14

1 Now one Sabbath when Jesus went to dine at the house of a leader of the Pharisees, they were watching him closely. 2 There right in front of him was a man whose body was swollen with fluid. 3 So Jesus asked the experts in religious law and the Pharisees, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath or not?” 4 But they remained silent. So Jesus took hold of the man, healed him, and sent him away. 5 Then he said to them, “Which of you, if you have a son or an ox that has fallen into a well on a Sabbath day, will not immediately pull him out?” 6 But they could not reply to this. 7 Then when Jesus noticed how the guests chose the places of honor, he told them a parable. He said to them, 8 “When you are invited by someone to a wedding feast, do not take the place of honor because a person more distinguished than you may have been invited by your host. 9 So the host who invited both of you will come and say to you, ‘Give this man your place.’ Then, ashamed, you will begin to move to the least important place. 10 But when you are invited, go and take the least important place, so that when your host approaches he will say to you, ‘Friend, move up here to a better place.’ Then you will be honored in the presence of all who share the meal with you.⁠ 11 For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, but the one who humbles himself will be exalted.”⁠ 12 He said also to the man who had invited him, “When you host a dinner or a banquet, don’t invite your friends or your brothers or your relatives or rich neighbors so you can be invited by them in return and get repaid.⁠ 13 But when you host an elaborate meal, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind. 14 Then you will be blessed because they cannot repay you, for you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous.” 15 When one of those at the meal with Jesus heard this, he said to him, “Blessed is everyone who will feast in the kingdom of God!” 16 But Jesus said to him, “A man once gave a great banquet and invited many guests. 17 At the time for the banquet he sent his slave to tell those who had been invited, ‘Come, because everything is now ready.’⁠ 18 But one after another they all began to make excuses. The first said to him, ‘I have bought a field, and I must go out and see it. Please excuse me.’⁠ 19 Another said, ‘I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I am going out to examine them. Please excuse me.’ 20 Another said, ‘I just got married, and I cannot come.’⁠ 21 So the slave came back and reported this to his master. Then the master of the household was furious and said to his slave, ‘Go out quickly to the streets and alleys of the city, and bring in the poor, the crippled, the blind, and the lame.’ 22 Then the slave said, ‘Sir, what you instructed has been done, and there is still room.’ 23 So the master said to his slave, ‘Go out to the highways and country roads and urge people to come in, so that my house will be filled. 24 For I tell you, not one of those individuals who were invited will taste my banquet!’” 25 Now large crowds were accompanying Jesus, and turning to them he said, 26 “If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father and mother,⁠ and wife and children, and brothers and sisters,⁠ and even his own life,⁠ he cannot be my disciple. 27 Whoever does not carry his own cross and follow me cannot be my disciple. 28 For which of you, wanting to build a tower, doesn’t sit down first and compute the cost to see if he has enough money to complete it? 29 Otherwise, when he has laid a foundation and is not able to finish the tower, all who see it will begin to make fun of him. 30 They will say, ‘This man began to build and was not able to finish!’ 31 Or what king, going out to confront another king in battle, will not sit down first and determine whether he is able with 10,000 to oppose the one coming against him with 20,000?⁠ 32 If he cannot succeed, he will send a representative while the other is still a long way off and ask for terms of peace. 33 In the same way therefore not one of you can be my disciple if he does not renounce all his own possessions. 34 “Salt is good, but if salt loses its flavor, how can its flavor be restored? 35 It is of no value for the soil or for the manure pile; it is to be thrown out. The one who has ears to hear had better listen!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 25:6 and Luke 14:10

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Proverbs teaches to not seek honor in the presence of a king, that it is better to be invited to a higher position than to be humbled publicly. In Luke, Jesus echoes this in a parable about guests at a banquet, using it to teach the value of humility.

Passages

Proverbs 25:6

Hebrew Bible
1 These also are proverbs of Solomon, which the men of King Hezekiah of Judah copied: 2 It is the glory of God to conceal a matter, and it is the glory of a king to search out a matter. 3 As the heaven is high and the earth is deep so the hearts of kings are unsearchable. 4 Remove the dross from the silver, and material for the silversmith will emerge; 5 remove the wicked from before the king, and his throne will be established in righteousness. 6 Do not honor yourself before the king, and do not stand in the place of great men; 7 for it is better for him to say to you, “Come up here,” than to put you lower before a prince, whom your eyes have seen. 8 Do not go out hastily to litigation, or what will you do afterward when your neighbor puts you to shame?
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Luke 14:10

New Testament
7 Then when Jesus noticed how the guests chose the places of honor, he told them a parable. He said to them, 8 “When you are invited by someone to a wedding feast, do not take the place of honor because a person more distinguished than you may have been invited by your host. 9 So the host who invited both of you will come and say to you, ‘Give this man your place.’ Then, ashamed, you will begin to move to the least important place. 10 But when you are invited, go and take the least important place, so that when your host approaches he will say to you, ‘Friend, move up here to a better place.’ Then you will be honored in the presence of all who share the meal with you. 11 For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, but the one who humbles himself will be exalted.”
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

References

"... But “fission” is not the only way a proverb is expanded into future contexts. Sometimes a proverb is taken and amplified into a story form or a parable. It is the nature of a proverb to compress a series of experiences into one brief statement. What happens when these tightly packaged sayings are unpacked? Such is the case with several parables in the New Testament. It is another way in which the proverb unfolds. Luke 14:7-11 tells the parable of how guests are to act at the invitation to a marriage feast ... his parable is clearly an amplification of the saying in Proverbs 25:6-7 ... in its context in Proverbs, the saying is concerned with giving advice to the aspiring young student about the way he should conduct himself in the presence of the king. It is concerned with proper etiquette. The parable in Luke unpacks the proverb and expands it into story form. It gives advice about how to conduct oneself in a social setting. It is concerned with individuals developing the quality of humility ..."
Dave Bland, “A Rhetorical Perspective on the Sentence Sayings of the Book of Proverbs” (PhD diss., University of Washington, 1994), 233–234.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 25:6 and Luke 14:10

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