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Jubilees

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Rebekah Advises Jacob about Marriage

Chapter 25

1 And in the second year of this week in this jubilee [2109], Rebekah called Jacob her son, and spoke to him, saying: 'My son, do not marry a woman from among the daughters of Canaan, as Esau, your brother, who married two women from among the daughters of Canaan, and they have made me bitter⁠ with all their unclean deeds: for all their deeds are sexual immorality and lust, and there is no righteousness with them, for (their deeds) are evil. 2 And I, my son, love you deeply, and my heart and my affection bless you every hour of the day and period of the night. 3 And now, my son, listen to my voice, and do the will of your mother, and do not marry a woman from among the daughters of this land, but only of the house of my father, and of my father's relatives. You shall marry a woman from among the house of my father, and the Most High God will bless you, and your children shall be a righteous generation and holy descendants.' 4 And then Jacob spoke to Rebekah, his mother, and said to her: 'Look, mother, I am nine weeks of years old, and I neither know nor have I touched any woman, nor have I become engaged to any, nor even think of marrying a woman from among the daughters of Canaan. 5 For I remember, mother, the words of Abraham, our father, for he commanded me not to take a wife of the daughters of Canaan, but to marry a woman from the descendants of my father's house and from my relatives. 6 I have heard before that daughters have been born to Laban, your brother, and I have set my heart on them to take a wife from among them. 7 And for this reason I have guarded myself in my spirit against sinning or being corrupted in all my ways throughout all the days of my life; for with regard to lust and sexual immorality, Abraham, my father, gave me many commands. 8 And, despite all that he has commanded me, these twenty-two years my brother has argued with me, and spoken frequently to me and said: 'My brother, take as a wife a sister of my two wives'; but I refuse to do as he has done. 9 I swear before you, mother, that all the days of my life I will not marry a woman from among the daughters of the descendants of Canaan, and I will not act wickedly as my brother Esau has done. 10 Do not fear, mother; be assured that I shall do your will and walk in uprightness, and not corrupt my ways forever.'

Rebekah Blesses Jacob

11 And then she looked up to heaven and extended the fingers of her hands, and opened her mouth and blessed the Most High God, who had created the heaven and the earth, and she gave Him thanks and praise. 12 And she said: 'Blessed be the Lord God, and may His holy name be blessed forever and ever, who has given me Jacob as a pure son and holy offspring; for he is Yours, and his descendants shall be Yours continually and throughout all the generations forevermore. 13 Bless him, Lord, and place in my mouth the blessing of righteousness, so that I may bless him.' 14 And at that hour, when the spirit of righteousness descended into her mouth, she placed both her hands on the head of Jacob, and said: 15 Blessed are You, Lord of righteousness and God of the ages And may He bless you beyond all the generations of men. May He give you, my Son, the path of righteousness, And reveal righteousness to your descendants. 16 And may He make your sons many during your life, And may they arise according to the number of the months of the year. And may their sons become many and great beyond the stars of heaven, And their numbers be more than the sand of the sea. 17 And may He give them this good land — as He said He would give it to Abraham and to his descendants after him always. And may they hold it as a possession forever. 18 And may I see (born) to you, my son, blessed children during my life, And may all your descendants be blessed and holy. 19 And as you have refreshed your mother's spirit during her life, The womb of her that bore you blesses you thus, [My affection] and my breasts bless you And my mouth and my tongue praise you greatly. 20 Increase and spread over the earth, And may your descendants be perfect in the joy of heaven and earth forever; And may your descendants rejoice, And on the great day of peace may they have peace. 21 And may your name and your descendants endure to all the ages, And may the Most High God be their God, And may the God of righteousness live with them, And may His sanctuary be built by them to all the ages. 22 Blessed be he that blesses you, And everyone who curses you falsely, may it be cursed.' 23 And she kissed him, and said to him; 'May the Lord of the world love you As the heart of your mother and her affection rejoice in you and bless you.' And she ceased from blessing.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 26:34 and Jubilees 25:1

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions

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Summary

Genesis 26 describes how Esau married two Hittite women who brought trouble to Isaac and Rebekah. Jubilees 25 draws on this, having Rebecca warn Jacob away from Canaanite wives and recalling how Esau’s marriages brought trouble to her life.

Passages

Genesis 26:34

Hebrew Bible
32 That day Isaac’s servants came and told him about the well they had dug. “We’ve found water,” they reported. 33 So he named it Shibah; that is why the name of the city has been Beer Sheba to this day. 34 When Esau was forty years old, he married Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, as well as Basemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite. 35 They caused Isaac and Rebekah great anxiety.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Jubilees 25:1

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
1 And in the second year of this week in this jubilee [2109], Rebekah called Jacob her son, and spoke to him, saying: 'My son, do not marry a woman from among the daughters of Canaan, as Esau, your brother, who married two women from among the daughters of Canaan, and they have made me bitter with all their unclean deeds: for all their deeds are sexual immorality and lust, and there is no righteousness with them, for (their deeds) are evil. 2 And I, my son, love you deeply, and my heart and my affection bless you every hour of the day and period of the night. 3 And now, my son, listen to my voice, and do the will of your mother, and do not marry a woman from among the daughters of this land, but only of the house of my father, and of my father's relatives. You shall marry a woman from among the house of my father, and the Most High God will bless you, and your children shall be a righteous generation and holy descendants.'
170–125 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jubilees

References

... Genesis reports Esau’s marriage to two Hittites and the bitterness it caused his parents: “When Esau was forty years old, he married Judith daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath daughter of Elon the Hittite; and they made life bitter for Isaac and Rebekah” (26:34-35). Perhaps under the influence of the second reference in Genesis to this situation (Genesis 27:46, “Rebekah said to Isaac, ‘I am weary of my life because of the Hittite women’”), Jubilees speaks of the bitterness in relation only to Rebecca. It paints Esau, therefore, as the prime negative example, returning to it again in 27:8 and 35:15, although it is aware that Esau finally marries appropriately when he marries Mahalath a daughter of Ishmael (29:13), but mentions it only incidentally. ...
William Loader, Enoch, Levi, and Jubilees on Sexuality: Attitudes towards Sexuality in the Early Enoch Literature, the Aramaic Levi Document, and the Book of Jubilees (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2007), 162–163.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 26:34 and Jubilees 25:1

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