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Joseph and Aseneth

About this book
Chapter 16

1 And Asenath hurried and set an empty table in front of him; and, as she was starting to fetch bread, the divine angel said to her: "Bring me a honeycomb too." And she stood still and was puzzled and distressed because she did not have a honeycomb in her storehouse. And the divine angel said to her: "Why are you standing still?" 2 And she said: "My lord, I will send a boy to the outskirts of the city, because our inherited estate is near, and he will quickly bring one from there, and I will place it in front of you." 3 The divine angel said to her: "Go into your storehouse and you will find a honeycomb lying on the table; pick it up and bring it here." And she said, "Lord, there is no honeycomb in my storehouse." And he said, "Go and you will find it." 4 And Asenath entered her storehouse and found a honeycomb lying on the table; and the comb was large and white like snow and full of honey, and that honey was like the dew of heaven, and its fragrance was like the fragrance of life. Then Asenath was amazed and said to herself: "Is this comb from the mouth of this man himself?" 5 And Asenath took that comb and brought it and placed it on the table, and the angel said to her: "Why did you say, 'There is no honeycomb in my house,' and look, you have brought it to me?" 6 And she said: "Lord, I have never put a honeycomb in my house, but you spoke, and it came into being. Did this come from your mouth? For its fragrance is like the fragrance of perfumed oil." And the man smiled at the woman's understanding. 7 Then he called her over, and, when she came, he stretched out his right hand and took hold of her head, and, when he shook her head with his right hand, Asenath was very afraid of the angel's hand, because sparks came from his hands like red-hot iron, and so she was constantly gazing with great fear and trembling at the angel's hand. And he smiled and said: "Blessed are you, Asenath, because the inexpressible mysteries of God have been revealed to you; and blessed are all who cling to the Lord God in repentance, because they shall eat of this comb, 8 because this comb is the spirit of life, and the bees of the paradise of delight have made this from the dew of the roses of life and every flower in the paradise of God, and the angels eat of it and all God's chosen ones and all the sons of the Most High, and whoever eats it will never die." 9 Then the divine angel stretched out his right hand and took a small piece from the comb and ate, and with his own hand placed what was left in Asenath's mouth and said to her, "Eat," and she ate. 10 And the angel said to her: "Look, now you have eaten the bread of life and have drunk the cup of immortality and been anointed with the perfumed oil of incorruptibility; 11 look, now today your flesh produces flowers of life from the fountain of the Most High, and your bones shall grow strong like the cedars of the paradise of delight of God and tireless powers will sustain you; 12 so your youth shall not see old age, and your beauty shall never fade, but you shall be like a walled mother city for everyone." 13 And the angel stirred the comb, and many bees rose from the cells of that comb, and the cells were countless, tens of thousands upon tens of thousands and thousands of thousands. And the bees also were white like snow, and their wings were like purple, crimson, and scarlet cloth; and they also had sharp stings and harmed no one. 14 Then all those bees encircled Asenath from feet to head, and other large bees like their queens rose from the cells, and they circled around her face and her lips, and made a comb on her mouth and on her lips like the comb that lay before the angel; and all those bees ate from the comb that was on Asenath's mouth. 15 And the angel said to the bees, "Go now to your place." Then all the bees rose and flew⁠ and departed to heaven; 16 but all those who wanted to injure Asenath fell to the ground and died. 17 And then the angel stretched his staff over the dead bees and said to them: "Rise and go to your place, you too." Then all the dead bees rose and went to the courtyard that adjoined Asenath's house and settled in the fruit-bearing trees.

Texts in conversation

Compare Joseph and Aseneth 16:15 and 3 Enoch 46:2

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In Joseph and Aseneth, an angel releases bees from a heavenly honeycomb, which may be interpreted as souls, then sends them to the heavens. In 3 Enoch, Metatron claps and the stars fly off the throne on flaming wings, similarly returning to the heavens.

Passages

Joseph and Aseneth 16:15

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
14 Then all those bees encircled Asenath from feet to head, and other large bees like their queens rose from the cells, and they circled around her face and her lips, and made a comb on her mouth and on her lips like the comb that lay before the angel; and all those bees ate from the comb that was on Asenath's mouth. 15 And the angel said to the bees, "Go now to your place." Then all the bees rose and flew and departed to heaven; 16 but all those who wanted to injure Asenath fell to the ground and died. 17 And then the angel stretched his staff over the dead bees and said to them: "Rise and go to your place, you too." Then all the dead bees rose and went to the courtyard that adjoined Asenath's house and settled in the fruit-bearing trees.
100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Joseph and Aseneth

3 Enoch 46:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Hebrew Book of Enoch
2 I walked by his side, and he took me by his hand and pointed out all to me with his fingers. And they were standing on sparks of flames round the Merkaba of the Almighty (MAQOM). What did Metatron do? At that moment he clapped his hands and chased them off from their place. At once they flew off on flaming wings, rose and fled from the four sides of the Throne of the Merkaba, and (as they flew) he told me the names of every single one. As it is written (Ps. cxlvii. 4): "He tells the number of the stars; he gives them all their names", teaching, that the Holy One, blessed be He, has given a name to each one of them.
400–600 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 Enoch

References

“... Although the figure in Aseneth and Metatron in 3 Enoch share numerous similari- ties that may be explained by their common angelic nature, two scenes in 3 Enoch exhibit more than passing similiarity to scenes in Aseneth. In 3 Enoch 46, Metatron proposes to show the visionary Ishmael "the spirits of the stars—which stand like fiery sparks around the chariot of the Omnipresent One." whereupon he shows Ish- mael a scene quite similar to the scene in Aseneth 16, where the angel instructs the bees to il y to their places: ...”
Ross Shepard Kraemer, When Aseneth Met Joseph: A Late Antique Tale of the Biblical Patriarch and His Egyptian Wife, Reconsidered (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), 125.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Joseph and Aseneth 16:15 and 3 Enoch 46:2

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