Go to Related Reading
About this book

Jonathan Micah

Targum Jonathan to the Prophets

About this book

The Mountain of the Lord’s Sanctuary

Chapter 4

1 In the last days the mountain of the Lord’s sanctuary will stand firmly at the head of the mountains, raised above the hills. Kingdoms will turn to worship on it. 2 Many peoples will go and say, “Come, let’s climb the mountain of the Lord’s sanctuary, to the house of the Shekinah of Jacob’s God. He will teach us⁠ ways that are right before Him, and we will follow the teaching of His Torah.” For the Torah will go out from Zion, and instruction in the Lord’s word from Jerusalem.

3 He will judge between many peoples and settle matters for powerful kings forever. They will hammer their swords into plowshares and their spears into sickles. No people will take up weapons against another, and they will no longer train for war. 4 Each person will sit beneath the fruit of his vines and fig trees, with no one to frighten him. For this is what the Memra of the Lord of armies has decreed.

5 All the peoples⁠ will be condemned because they worshiped idols. But we will rely on the name of the Lord our God forever and ever.

The Kingdom Restored

6 At that time, says the Lord God, I will gather those driven into exile, and bring together those scattered, and those treated harshly⁠ because of My people’s sins.

7 I will make the displaced into a surviving remnant, and the scattered into a strong people. The Lord’s⁠ kingdom will be revealed over them on Mount Zion, from this time and forever.

8 And you,⁠ Messiah of Israel, hidden because of the sins of Zion’s congregation, the kingdom is destined to come to you. The former rule will return to the kingdom of Jerusalem’s congregation.

Exile and Deliverance

9 Why do you join yourself to the nations? Is there no king among you? Have your royal advisers perished? For distress and trembling have seized you like a woman’s labor pains.

10 Tremble and shake, congregation of Zion, like a woman giving birth. For you will leave the city and camp in the fields, going as far as Babylon. There you will be rescued. There the Lord will redeem you from your enemies’ power.

11 Many nations will gather against you, saying, “When will she be condemned, so that we can see Zion’s downfall?”

12 But they do not know the Lord’s secrets or understand His plans. He has brought them together like sheaves on a threshing floor.

13 Rise and strike down your enemies, congregation of Zion! I will⁠ make your people strong as iron and their survivors hard as bronze. You will strike down many peoples. You will destroy their property before the Lord, and their precious wealth before the Lord of the whole earth.

14 Now gather in troops, city under siege! They struck Israel’s judges on the cheek with a staff.

Texts in conversation

Compare Micah 4:13 and Jonathan Micah 4:13

Hebrew Bible · Targum

Share:

Summary

In the Hebrew version of Micah, Zion crushes nations with iron horns and bronze hooves. In the Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan, its people are strong fighters, making this metaphor an account of warfare.

Passages

Micah 4:13

Hebrew Bible
11 Many nations have now assembled against you. They say, “Jerusalem must be desecrated, so we can gloat over Zion!”12 But they do not know what the Lord is planning; they do not understand his strategy. He has gathered them like stalks of grain to be threshed at the threshing floor.13 “Get up and thresh, Daughter Zion! For I will give you iron horns; I will give you bronze hooves, and you will crush many nations.” You will devote to the Lord the spoils you take from them and dedicate their wealth to the sovereign Ruler of the whole earth.
740–401 BCE Read in Micah

Jonathan Micah 4:13

Targum · Targum Jonathan to the Prophets
11 Many nations will gather against you, saying, “When will she be condemned, so that we can see Zion’s downfall?”12 But they do not know the Lord’s secrets or understand His plans. He has brought them together like sheaves on a threshing floor.13 Rise and strike down your enemies, congregation of Zion! I will make your people strong as iron and their survivors hard as bronze. You will strike down many peoples. You will destroy their property before the Lord, and their precious wealth before the Lord of the whole earth.14 Now gather in troops, city under siege! They struck Israel’s judges on the cheek with a staff.

References

“... For MT “thresh, O daughter”. ‘IMT “horn”. Jz. modifies the metaphorical language in these verses. *For MT “your hoofs”. See 7g. “the remainder of them” for MT “their hoofs” in Zech 11:16. ...”
Kevin J. Cathcart and Robert P. Gordon, The Targum of the Minor Prophets, ArBib 14 (Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1989), 121.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Last updated

Micah 4:13 and Jonathan Micah 4:13

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library