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Job

About this book
Chapter 32

1 So these three men refused to answer Job further, because he was righteous in his own eyes. 2 Then Elihu son of Barakel the Buzite, of the family of Ram, became very angry. He was angry with Job for justifying himself rather than God. 3 With Job’s three friends he was also angry because they could not find an answer, and so declared Job guilty.⁠ 4 Now Elihu had waited before speaking to Job because the others were older than he was. 5 But when Elihu saw that the three men had no further reply, he became very angry. 6 So Elihu son of Barakel the Buzite spoke up: “I am young, but you are elderly; that is why I was fearful and afraid to explain to you what I know. 7 I said to myself, ‘Age should speak, and length of years should make wisdom known.’ 8 But it is a spirit in people, the breath of the Almighty, that makes them understand. 9 It is not the aged who are wise, nor old men who understand what is right. 10 Therefore I say, ‘Listen to me. I, even I, will explain what I know.’ 11 Look, I waited for you to speak; I listened closely to your wise thoughts, while you were searching for words. 12 Now I was paying you close attention, yet there was no one proving Job wrong, not one of you was answering his statements. 13 So do not say, ‘We have found wisdom. God will refute him, not man.’ 14 Job has not directed his words to me, and so I will not reply to him with your arguments. 15 “They are dismayed and cannot answer anymore; they have nothing left to say. 16 And I have waited. But because they do not speak, because they stand there and answer no more, 17 I too will answer my part; I too will explain what I know. 18 For I am full of words, and the spirit within me constrains me.⁠ 19 Inside I am like wine that has no outlet, like new wineskins ready to burst!⁠ 20 I will speak, so that I may find relief; I will open my lips, so that I may answer. 21 I will not show partiality to any person,⁠ nor will I confer a title on anyone. 22 For I do not know how to give honorary titles; if I did, my Creator would quickly do away with me.

Texts in conversation

Compare Job 32:18 and Sirach 19:10

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Job describes his inner compulsion to speak as being like wine ready to burst from a wineskin, an image of words unable to be contained. Sirach uses a similar idiom when warning about speech, urging restraint in revealing secrets.

Passages

Job 32:18

Hebrew Bible
16 And I have waited. But because they do not speak, because they stand there and answer no more, 17 I too will answer my part; I too will explain what I know. 18 For I am full of words, and the spirit within me constrains me. 19 Inside I am like wine that has no outlet, like new wineskins ready to burst! 20 I will speak, so that I may find relief; I will open my lips, so that I may answer.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

Sirach 19:10

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
8 Whether it is of friend or foe, don’t tell it. Unless it is a sin to you, don’t reveal it. 9 For if he has heard you and observed you, when the time comes, he will hate you. 10 Have you heard something? Let it die with you. Be brave: it will not make you burst! 11 A fool will labor in pain with a word, as a woman in labor with a child. 12 As an arrow that sticks in the flesh of the thigh, so is gossip in a fool.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... Both collections have similar structure. They start out with a wisdom poem that speaks of the source of wisdom, which is the Lord (Sirach 1:1-10; 24:1-34), and the application of wisdom, which is the fear of the Lord (Sirach 1:11–2:17; 25:1-11). Notably, in the introductions to both collections similar language, such as “the depth of the abyss” (Sirach 1:3; 24:5), wisdom as a tree spreading its branches (Sirach 1:20; 24:16), wisdom as coming from the Lord (Sirach 1:1; 24:3), and wisdom being created first by God (Sirach 1:4; 24:9), is employed. In Sirach there are various types of wisdom sayings—for example, on friendship (Sirach 6:5-17; 22:19-27; 37:1-6), wealth and poverty (Sirach 13:15-4; 13:25—14:10; 31:1-11), speech and tongue (Sirach 19:4-17; 20:1-8, 18-26; 23:7-15; 27:11-21; 28:12-26; 32:3-13), death and life (Sirach 14:11-19; 38:16-23; 41:1-4), relationship with women (Sirach 9:1-9), relationship with parents (Sirach 3:1-16), relationship with the needy (Sirach 3:30—4:10), pride and humility (Sirach 3:17-29; 9:12-13; 10:26—11:6), generosity (Sirach 18:15-18), leadership (Sirach 9:1710:18), food (Sirach 30:18-25; 31:12—32:2; 37:27-31), slaves (Sirach 33:24-31), sacrifice and offering (Sirach 34:21—35:13), prayers (Sirach 35:14-20), children (Sirach 30:1-17; 42:9-14), sickness and health (Sirach 38:1-15), character (Sirach 27:4-10; 27:30—28:11), dreams and divination (Sirach 34:1-11), giving (Sirach 29:1-28) and hard work (Sirach 40:28-30). They are placed in the context of the fear of the Lord. This means that these sayings can no longer be treated as traditional teachings but rather must be applied in light of this new context ..."
Tremper Longman and Peter Enns, Dictionary of the Old Testament: Wisdom, Poetry & Writings (Inter-Varsity, 2008), 723.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Job 32:18 and Sirach 19:10

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