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Job

About this book
Chapter 29

1 Then Job continued his speech: 2 “O that I could be as I was in the months now gone, in the days when God watched over me, 3 when he caused his lamp to shine upon my head, and by his light I walked through darkness;⁠ 4 just as I was in my most productive time, when God’s intimate friendship was experienced in my tent, 5 when the Almighty was still with me and my children were around me; 6 when my steps were bathed with butter and the rock poured out for me streams of olive oil!⁠ 7 When I went out to the city gate and secured my seat in the public square, 8 the young men would see me and step aside, and the old men would get up and remain standing; 9 the chief men refrained from talking and covered their mouths with their hands;⁠ 10 the voices of the nobles fell silent, and their tongues stuck to the roof of their mouths. 11 “As soon as the ear heard these things, it blessed me, and when the eye saw them, it bore witness to me; 12 for I rescued the poor who cried out for help, and the orphan who had no one to assist him;⁠ 13 the blessing of the dying man descended on me, and I made the widow’s heart rejoice; 14 I put on righteousness and it clothed me; my just dealing was like a robe and a turban; 15 I was eyes for the blind and feet for the lame; 16 I was a father to the needy, and I investigated the case of the person I did not know; 17 I broke the fangs of the wicked, and made him drop his prey from his teeth. 18 “Then I thought, ‘I will die in my own home, my days as numerous as the grains of sand.⁠ 19 My roots reach the water, and the dew lies on my branches all night long. 20 My glory will always be fresh in me, and my bow ever new in my hand.’ 21 “People listened to me and waited silently; they kept silent for my advice. 22 After I had spoken, they did not respond; my words fell on them drop by drop. 23 They waited for me as people wait for the rain, and they opened their mouths as for the spring rains. 24 If I smiled at them, they hardly believed it; and they did not cause the light of my face to darken. 25 I chose the way for them and sat as their chief; I lived like a king among his troops; I was like one who comforts mourners.

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 10:18 and Job 29:12

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Deuteronomy 10 teaches that caring for orphans, widows, and foreigners is an important duty and an expression of God’s justice. Job echoes this when Eliphaz accuses Job of failing in this duty, and Job defends himself by saying he has obeyed it.

Passages

Deuteronomy 10:18

Hebrew Bible
15 However, only to your ancestors did he show his loving favor, and he chose you, their descendants, from all peoples—as is apparent today. 16 Therefore, circumcise your hearts and stop being so stubborn! 17 For the Lord your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God who is unbiased and takes no bribe, 18 who justly treats the orphan and widow, and who loves resident foreigners, giving them food and clothing. 19 So you must love the resident foreigner because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Job 29:12

Hebrew Bible
11 “As soon as the ear heard these things, it blessed me, and when the eye saw them, it bore witness to me; 12 for I rescued the poor who cried out for help, and the orphan who had no one to assist him; 13 the blessing of the dying man descended on me, and I made the widow’s heart rejoice; 14 I put on righteousness and it clothed me; my just dealing was like a robe and a turban;
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

References

"... Job and Deuteronomy have major agreement concerning their understanding of the poor and marginalized members of society. Job uses the example of abusing the orphan as a form of great depravity (Job 6:27). Eliphaz concurs on this point and accuses Job of severe mistreatment of orphans (Job 22:9), which is one of the few specific accusations the friends make against Job. Job does not immediately claim innocence of this crime, but explicitly does so later (Job 29:12). Job uses orphans as evidence in his argument that God does not punish the wicked for their actions (Job 24:1–12). In Job’s summary defense of his actions (Job 31), Job claims to have upheld the cause of the orphan (Job 31:17–18) and implies that failure to do this would have been condemnable ..."
James Kipp Swinney, “Intertextual Discourse and the Problem of God: The Intersection of the Speeches of Job and Deuteronomy” (MA diss., Abilene Christian University, 2016), 69.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Deuteronomy 10:18 and Job 29:12

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