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Job

About this book
Chapter 24

1 “Why are times not appointed by the Almighty? Why do those who know him not see his days? 2 Men move boundary stones; they seize the flock and pasture them. 3 They drive away the orphan’s donkey; they take the widow’s ox as a pledge. 4 They turn the needy from the pathway, and the poor of the land hide themselves together. 5 Like wild donkeys in the wilderness, they go out to their labor seeking diligently for food; the arid rift valley provides food for them and for their children. 6 They reap fodder in the field and glean in the vineyard of the wicked. 7 They spend the night naked because they lack clothing; they have no covering against the cold. 8 They are soaked by mountain rains and huddle in the rocks because they lack shelter. 9 The fatherless child is snatched from the breast; the infant of the poor is taken as a pledge. 10 They go about naked, without clothing, and go hungry while they carry the sheaves. 11 They press out the olive oil between the rows of olive trees; they tread the winepresses while they are thirsty. 12 From the city the dying groan, and the wounded cry out for help, but God charges no one with wrongdoing.⁠ 13 There are those who rebel against the light; they do not know its ways, and they do not stay on its paths. 14 Before daybreak the murderer rises up; he kills the poor and the needy; in the night he is like a thief. 15 And the eye of the adulterer watches for the twilight, thinking, ‘No eye can see me,’ and covers his face with a mask. 16 In the dark the robber breaks into houses, but by day they shut themselves in; they do not know the light. 17 For all of them, the morning is to them like deep darkness; they are friends with the terrors of darkness. 18 You say, ‘He is foam on the face of the waters; their portion of the land is cursed so that no one goes to their vineyard. 19 The drought as well as the heat snatch up the melted snow; so the grave snatches up the sinner. 20 The womb forgets him, the worm feasts on him, no longer will he be remembered. Like a tree, wickedness will be broken down. 21 He preys on the barren and childless woman and does not treat the widow well. 22 But God drags off the mighty by his power; when God rises up against him, he has no faith in his life. 23 God may let them rest in a feeling of security, but he is constantly watching all their ways. 24 They are exalted for a little while, and then they are gone; they are brought low like all others and gathered in, and like a head of grain they are cut off.’ 25 “If this is not so, who can prove me a liar and reduce my words to nothing?”

Texts in conversation

Compare Job 24:12 and 1 Enoch 9:11

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In 1 Enoch, a complaint about human suffering goes out to accuse God of knowing and yet failing to act. This echoes Job 24, where the vulnerable and the oppressed cry out, accusing God, who knows everything, of not acting to stop it.

Passages

Job 24:12

Hebrew Bible
10 They go about naked, without clothing, and go hungry while they carry the sheaves. 11 They press out the olive oil between the rows of olive trees; they tread the winepresses while they are thirsty. 12 From the city the dying groan, and the wounded cry out for help, but God charges no one with wrongdoing. 13 There are those who rebel against the light; they do not know its ways, and they do not stay on its paths. 14 Before daybreak the murderer rises up; he kills the poor and the needy; in the night he is like a thief.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

1 Enoch 9:11

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
9 The women have borne giants, and as a result the whole earth has been filled with blood and unrighteousness. 10 And now the souls of those who have died are crying out and pleading at the gates of heaven, and their laments have risen up; they cannot stop because of the lawless acts committed on the earth. 11 You know all things before they happen, and You see these things and allow them, and You do not tell us what we should do about them.'
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

References

"... Although the angels function as God's eyes upon the earth and as the mediators of human prayers, the assumption here is that God is already aware of what has happened on earth and has heard the cry for vengeance. Thus the angels are less mediators than they are intercessors, calling God's attention to what he already knows and has heard—including the prayer of humanity. Finally, and of greatest significance, the prayer ends without a petition. The angels repeat twice the motif of God's universal knowledge and make the bold assertion that he has failed to act on it. Thus the prayer is not really a petition that God act as one's predications of him would lead one to expect; it is, in effect, an indictment that God has failed to act and has not answered the cry that a beleaguered humanity has raised to him. It is perhaps not by accident that a similar claim is made in Job 24 or in psalms of individual lament (compare Psalm 22:2) ..."
George W. E. Nickelsburg, A Commentary on the Book of 1 Enoch Chapters 1-36, 81-108 (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2001), 206.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Job 24:12 and 1 Enoch 9:11

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