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1 Enoch

About this book
Chapter 9

1 Then Michael, Uriel, Raphael, and Gabriel looked down from heaven⁠ and saw much blood being shed on the earth, and all the lawlessness being committed on the earth.⁠ 2 They said to one another: 'The earth, left without inhabitants, cries out, and the voice of their crying reaches the gates of heaven.'⁠ 3 'And now to you, the holy ones of heaven, the souls of men plead, saying, "Present our case before the Most High."'⁠ 4 They said to the Lord of the ages:⁠ 'Lord of lords, God of gods, King of kings,⁠ and God of the ages,⁠ the throne of Your glory stands through all generations,⁠ and Your name is holy and glorious and blessed through all ages!⁠ 5 You have created all things, and over all things You have power. All things are open and visible in Your sight, and You see everything, and nothing can hide from You.⁠ 6 You see what Azâzêl has done, who has taught all unrighteousness on the earth and revealed the eternal secrets that were kept in heaven,⁠ which men were eager to learn.⁠ 7 And Semjâzâ, to whom You gave the authority to rule over his companions. 8 They have gone to the daughters of men on the earth, have lain with the women, have defiled themselves, and revealed to them all kinds of sins. 9 The women have borne giants, and as a result the whole earth has been filled with blood and unrighteousness. 10 And now the souls of those who have died are crying out and pleading at the gates of heaven, and their laments have risen up; they cannot stop because of the lawless acts committed on the earth.⁠ 11 You know all things before they happen, and You see these things and allow them, and You do not tell us what we should do about them.'⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Job 24:12 and 1 Enoch 9:11

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In 1 Enoch, a complaint about human suffering goes out to accuse God of knowing and yet failing to act. This echoes Job 24, where the vulnerable and the oppressed cry out, accusing God, who knows everything, of not acting to stop it.

Passages

Job 24:12

Hebrew Bible
10 They go about naked, without clothing, and go hungry while they carry the sheaves. 11 They press out the olive oil between the rows of olive trees; they tread the winepresses while they are thirsty. 12 From the city the dying groan, and the wounded cry out for help, but God charges no one with wrongdoing. 13 There are those who rebel against the light; they do not know its ways, and they do not stay on its paths. 14 Before daybreak the murderer rises up; he kills the poor and the needy; in the night he is like a thief.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

1 Enoch 9:11

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
9 The women have borne giants, and as a result the whole earth has been filled with blood and unrighteousness. 10 And now the souls of those who have died are crying out and pleading at the gates of heaven, and their laments have risen up; they cannot stop because of the lawless acts committed on the earth. 11 You know all things before they happen, and You see these things and allow them, and You do not tell us what we should do about them.'
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

References

"... Although the angels function as God's eyes upon the earth and as the mediators of human prayers, the assumption here is that God is already aware of what has happened on earth and has heard the cry for vengeance. Thus the angels are less mediators than they are intercessors, calling God's attention to what he already knows and has heard—including the prayer of humanity. Finally, and of greatest significance, the prayer ends without a petition. The angels repeat twice the motif of God's universal knowledge and make the bold assertion that he has failed to act on it. Thus the prayer is not really a petition that God act as one's predications of him would lead one to expect; it is, in effect, an indictment that God has failed to act and has not answered the cry that a beleaguered humanity has raised to him. It is perhaps not by accident that a similar claim is made in Job 24 or in psalms of individual lament (compare Psalm 22:2) ..."
George W. E. Nickelsburg, A Commentary on the Book of 1 Enoch Chapters 1-36, 81-108 (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2001), 206.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Job 24:12 and 1 Enoch 9:11

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