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Job

About this book
Chapter 1

1 There was a man in the land of Uz whose name was Job. And that man was blameless and upright, one who feared God and turned away from evil. 2 Seven sons and three daughters were born to him. 3 His possessions included 7,000 sheep, 3,000 camels, 500 yoke of oxen, and 500 female donkeys; in addition he had a very great household. Thus he was the greatest of all the people in the east. 4 Now his sons used to go and hold a feast in the house of each one in turn, and they would send and invite their three sisters to eat and to drink with them. 5 When the days of their feasting were finished, Job would send for them and sanctify them; he would get up early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all.⁠ For Job thought, “Perhaps my children have sinned and cursed God in their hearts.”⁠ This was Job’s customary practice. 6 Now the day came when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord—and Satan also arrived among them.⁠ 7 The Lord said to Satan, “Where have you come from?” And Satan answered the Lord, “From roving about on the earth, and from walking back and forth across it.” 8 So the Lord said to Satan, “Have you considered my servant Job? There is no one like him on the earth, a blameless and upright man, one who fears God and turns away from evil.” 9 Then Satan answered the Lord, “Is it for nothing that Job fears God?⁠ 10 Have you not made a hedge around him and his household and all that he has on every side? You have blessed the work of his hands, and his livestock have increased in the land. 11 But extend your hand and strike everything he has, and he will no doubt curse you to your face!” 12 So the Lord said to Satan, “All right then, everything he has is in your power. Only do not extend your hand against the man himself!” So Satan went out from the presence of the Lord. 13 Now the day came when Job’s sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother’s house, 14 and a messenger came to Job, saying, “The oxen were plowing and the donkeys were grazing beside them, 15 and the Sabeans swooped down and carried them all away, and they killed the servants with the sword! And I—only I alone—escaped to tell you!” 16 While this one was still speaking, another messenger arrived and said, “The fire of God has fallen from heaven and has burned up the sheep and the servants—it has consumed them! And I—only I alone—escaped to tell you!” 17 While this one was still speaking another messenger arrived and said, “The Chaldeans formed three bands and made a raid on the camels and carried them all away, and they killed the servants with the sword! And I—only I alone—escaped to tell you!” 18 While this one was still speaking another messenger arrived and said, “Your sons and your daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother’s house, 19 and suddenly a great wind swept across the wilderness and struck the four corners of the house,⁠ and it fell on the young people, and they died! And I—only I alone—escaped to tell you!”⁠ 20 Then Job got up and tore his robe. He shaved his head, and then he threw himself down with his face to the ground. 21 He said, “Naked I came from my mother’s womb, and naked I will return there.⁠ The Lord gives, and the Lord takes away. May the name of the Lord be blessed!”⁠ 22 In all this Job did not sin, nor did he charge God with moral impropriety.

Texts in conversation

Compare Zechariah 3:1 and Job 1:6

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Zechariah shows Joshua the high priest in a heavenly court as an accuser challenges him, and Job has a similar scene where an accuser appears among the divine assembly. Both describe a divine council with a judge and an official who brings charges.

Passages

Zechariah 3:1

Hebrew Bible
1 Next I saw Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the Lord, with Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him. 2 The Lord said to Satan, “May the Lord rebuke you, Satan! May the Lord, who has chosen Jerusalem, rebuke you! Isn’t this man like a burning stick snatched from the fire?” 3 Now Joshua was dressed in filthy clothes as he stood there before the angel. 4 The angel spoke up to those standing all around, “Remove his filthy clothes.” Then he said to Joshua, “I have freely forgiven your iniquity and will dress you in fine clothing.”
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Zechariah

Job 1:6

Hebrew Bible
5 When the days of their feasting were finished, Job would send for them and sanctify them; he would get up early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job thought, “Perhaps my children have sinned and cursed God in their hearts.” This was Job’s customary practice. 6 Now the day came when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord—and Satan also arrived among them. 7 The Lord said to Satan, “Where have you come from?” And Satan answered the Lord, “From roving about on the earth, and from walking back and forth across it.” 8 So the Lord said to Satan, “Have you considered my servant Job? There is no one like him on the earth, a blameless and upright man, one who fears God and turns away from evil.”
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

References

"... Zechariah 3:1–7 is clearly a Council of Yahweh text. Present at this meeting of the council are 'ha-satan', a specific messenger of Yahweh, and Joshua. The text states that 'ha-satan' intends to accuse Joshua. No speech is actually attributed, but a rebuke is delivered from Yahweh, perhaps for the intended accusation. The Lord then redeems Joshua and provides him with new clothes as he is installed in the office of high priest. This passage shows the legal context of the heavenly council. The reader is told that Joshua is “standing before the messenger of the Lord” (1:1). This verb “to stand” is present throughout the pericope: “The verb for ‘stand’ recurs in this verse and is found again once each in verses 3, 4, 5, and 7. It is a key word, making the audience fully aware, from first to last, of the divine council setting and of Yahweh’s exalted presence.” The imagery of the council in this passage differs slightly from the passage in Job. Here the legal context is more dominant. There is little debate that 'ha-satan' is the prosecuting attorney as it is depicted as being on the right hand side of 'the messenger of YHWH' ..."
Ellen White, Yahweh's Council: Its Structure and Membership (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2014), 87.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Zechariah 3:1 and Job 1:6

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