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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Care for the Poor and Oppressed

Chapter 4

1 My son, don’t deprive a poor person of a livelihood. Don’t make the eyes of the needy wait long.⁠ 2 Don’t make a hungry soul sorrowful, or provoke a man in his distress. 3 Don’t add more trouble to a heart that is provoked. Don’t put off giving to him who is in need. 4 Don’t reject someone pleading in distress. Don’t turn your face away from a poor man.⁠ 5 Don’t turn your eye away from one who asks. Give no one a reason to curse you.⁠ 6 For if he curses you in the bitterness of his soul, he who made him will hear his plea.

7 Endear yourself to the assembly. Bow your head to an important man. 8 Listen to a poor man. Answer him with peaceful words in humility. 9 Rescue the victim from the wrongdoer’s power.⁠ Don’t be hesitant in giving judgment. 10 Be like a father to the fatherless, and like a husband to their mother. So you will be like a son of the Most High,⁠ and he will love you more than your mother does.⁠

Wisdom’s Rewards and Discipline

11 Wisdom exalts her sons, and takes hold of those who seek her. 12 He who loves her loves life. Those who seek her early will be filled with gladness. 13 He who holds firmly to her will inherit glory. Where he enters, the Lord will bless. 14 Those who serve her serve the Holy One. The Lord loves those who love her. 15 He who listens to her will judge the nations. He who pays attention to her will live securely. 16 If he trusts her, he will inherit her, and his descendants will possess her. 17 For at first she will walk with him in crooked ways, and will bring fear and dread on him, and torment him with her discipline, until she can trust his soul and test him by her judgments. 18 Then she will bring him back to the straight path, and will make him glad, and reveal to him her secrets. 19 If he goes astray, she will abandon him, and hand him over to his downfall.

Courage and Honesty

20 Watch for the opportunity, and beware of evil. Don’t be ashamed of your soul. 21 For there is a shame that brings sin, and there is a shame that is glory and grace.⁠ 22 Don’t show partiality, discrediting your soul. Don’t honor anyone in a way that causes your downfall. 23 Don’t hold back from speaking when it can bring safety. Don’t hide your wisdom to keep up appearances. 24 For wisdom will be known by speech, and instruction by the word of the tongue. 25 Don’t speak against the truth and be shamed for your ignorance.⁠ 26 Don’t be ashamed to confess your sins. Don’t fight the river’s current. 27 Don’t lie down for a fool to trample on. Don’t be partial to someone powerful. 28 Strive for the truth to the point of death, and the Lord God will fight for you.⁠

Speech and Conduct

29 Don’t be hasty with your tongue, or lazy and negligent in your deeds. 30 Don’t be like a lion in your house, or suspicious of your servants. 31 Don’t let your hand be stretched out to receive, and closed when you should repay.⁠

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:10 and James 1:27

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

James echoes the language of Sirach by urging care for orphans and widows as a sign of genuine devotion. Both connect compassion for the vulnerable with imitating God’s character in the Torah, portraying it as an essential expression of faithful living.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:10

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
5 Don’t turn your eye away from one who asks.
Give no one a reason to curse you.
6 For if he curses you in the bitterness of his soul,
he who made him will hear his plea.
7 Endear yourself to the assembly.
Bow your head to an important man.
8 Listen to a poor man.
Answer him with peaceful words in humility.
9 Rescue the victim from the wrongdoer’s power.
Don’t be hesitant in giving judgment.
10 Be like a father to the fatherless,
and like a husband to their mother.
So you will be like a son of the Most High,
and he will love you more than your mother does.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

James 1:27

New Testament
23 For if someone merely listens to the message and does not live it out, he is like someone who gazes at his own face in a mirror. 24 For he gazes at himself and then goes out and immediately forgets what sort of person he was. 25 But the one who peers into the perfect law of liberty and fixes his attention there, and does not become a forgetful listener but one who lives it out—he will be blessed in what he does. 26 If someone thinks he is religious yet does not bridle his tongue, and so deceives his heart, his religion is futile. 27 Pure and undefiled religion before God the Father is this: to care for orphans and widows in their adversity and to keep oneself unstained by the world.
50–120 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in James

References

"... After castigating the one who does not bridle his tongue as a practitioner of a vain religion in 1:26, James goes on to describe true religion as characterized by two elements: visiting/caring for orphans and widows in their distress, and keeping oneself unstained from the world ... it seems to me that James owes even more to OT passages referring to God as Father than outlined above. Besides providing him with the designation of God as Father (to the fatherless) and a concern for orphans and widows, Psalm 67 (LXX) has other themes which recur in James 1:27. Thus James’ (worship of God expressed in religious service or cult) may recall the singing of praises to God in joyful worship ... the connection has been made already before James’s time. Thus Sirach 4:10 reads, (be a father to the orphans, and be like a husband to their mother; you shall then be like a son of the Most High, and he will love you more than does your mother) ..."
Esther Yue L. Ng, “Father-God Language and Old Testament Allusions in James,” TynBul 54.2 (2003): 41–54.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:10 and James 1:27

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