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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

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Happiness in Marriage

Chapter 26

1 Happy is the husband of a good wife. The number of his days will be doubled. 2 A faithful wife gives joy to her husband. He will fulfill his years in peace. 3 A good wife is a great gift. She will be given to those who fear the Lord.⁠ 4 Whether a man is rich or poor, a good heart makes a cheerful face at all times.

Fears and Family Discord

5 My heart was afraid of three things, and I prayed about a fourth: The slander of a city, the assembly of a mob, and a false accusation. All these are more painful than death. 6 A woman who is jealous of another woman is grief of heart and sorrow. Her tongue-lashing makes it known to all. 7 A wicked woman is like a chafing yoke. He who takes hold of her is like one who grasps a scorpion. 8 A drunken woman causes great anger. She will not cover her own shame.⁠ 9 A woman’s sexual immorality shows in her raised eyes and will be known by her eyelids.⁠ 10 Keep strict watch on a headstrong daughter, in case she finds freedom for herself and uses it. 11 Watch out for an shameless eye, and don’t be surprised if it sins against you. 12 She will open her mouth like a thirsty traveler, and drink from every water that is near. She will sit down at every post, and open her quiver to any arrow.

A Good Wife’s Gifts

13 The grace of a wife will delight her husband. Her knowledge will strengthen his bones. 14 A silent woman is a gift from the Lord. Nothing is worth as much as a well-instructed soul. 15 A modest woman is grace added to grace. There are no scales that can weigh the value of a self-controlled soul. 16 The beauty of a good wife in her well-organized home is like the sun rising in the highest places of the Lord. 17 The beauty of a face on a well-proportioned body is like a lamp shining on the holy lampstand. 18 Beautiful feet with the breasts of someone steadfast are like golden pillars on a silver base.

Causes of Sorrow

28 For two things my heart is distressed, and for the third anger comes on me: a warrior who suffers because of poverty, men of understanding who are counted as garbage, and one who turns back from righteousness to sin. The Lord will prepare him for the sword!

The Risks of Commerce

29 It is difficult for a merchant to keep himself from wrongdoing, and for a retailer to be acquitted of sin.⁠

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 26:8 and Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 2.2

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Clement of Alexandria uses Sirach as an authoritative source for teaching. By repeating its warnings about temperance and lack of restraint, he adapts Jewish wisdom teachings into Christian tradition.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 26:8

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
6 A woman who is jealous of another woman is grief of heart and sorrow.
Her tongue-lashing makes it known to all.
7 A wicked woman is like a chafing yoke.
He who takes hold of her is like one who grasps a scorpion.
8 A drunken woman causes great anger.
She will not cover her own shame.
9 A woman’s sexual immorality shows in her raised eyes
and will be known by her eyelids.
10 Keep strict watch on a headstrong daughter,
in case she finds freedom for herself and uses it.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 2.2

Early Christian · Paedagogus
An intoxicated woman is great wrath, it is said, as if a drunken woman were the wrath of God. Why? Because she will not conceal her shame. For a woman is quickly drawn down to licentiousness, if she only set her choice on pleasures. And we have not prohibited drinking from alabastra; but we forbid studying to drink from them alone, as arrogant; counselling women to use with indifference what comes in the way, and cutting up by the roots the dangerous appetites that are in them. Let the rush of air, then, which regurgitates so as to produce hiccup, be emitted silently.

References

"... The eighty-fifth of the Apostolical Canons gives a list of the books of the Hebrew Canon, and adds the first three books of the Maccabees and the Wisdom of Sirach; these last four are not, however, included in the Canon, though the Wisdom of Sirach is specially recommended for the instruction of the young. Again, in the Apostolical Constitutions, 6:14, 15, quotations from Sirach are given with the same formula as those from the books of the Hebrew Canon, but in the list given in 2:57 of the same work, there is no mention of any of the books of the Apocrypha ... The evidence of Clement of Alexandria is conflicting; in his Paedagogus he quotes very often from Sirach, and speaks of it as 'scripture', from which it would evidently appear that he regarded it as canonical Scripture; but, according to Eusebius, Clement reckoned Sirach among the 'Antilegomena', for in speaking of Clement's works he mentions the Stromateis, or 'Medleys', and says: 'He quotes in them passages from the disputed Scriptures, the so-called Wisdom of Solomon, for example, and of Jesus the son of Sirach, and the Epistle to the Hebrews, and those of Barnabas, Clement, and Jude ..."
R. H. Charles, The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament (Oxford University Press, 1913), 299.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 26:8 and Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 2.2

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