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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Harmony and the Wisdom of Age

Chapter 25

1 I enjoy three things, and they are beautiful to the Lord and to people: the agreement of relatives, the friendship of neighbors, and a woman and her husband who walk together in agreement. 2 But my soul hates three kinds of people, and I am greatly offended by how they live: a poor man who is arrogant, a rich man who is a liar, and an old fool who is an adulterer.

3 If you gathered nothing in your youth, how could you find anything in your old age? 4 How beautiful is judgment among the gray-haired, and for elders to know good advice!⁠ 5 How beautiful is the wisdom of old men, and understanding and advice to honored men! 6 Much experience is the crown of the aged. Their glory is the fear of the Lord.⁠

The Things That Bring Happiness

7 There are nine things I have thought about and judged fortunate in my heart, and I will speak of a tenth with my tongue:⁠ a man who has joy with his children, and a man who lives and sees the fall of his enemies.⁠ 8 Happy is he who lives with a wife of understanding, he who has not slipped with his tongue, and he who has not served a man who is unworthy of him. 9 Happy is he who has found prudence, and he who speaks in the ears of those who listen. 10 How great is he who has found wisdom! Yet there is no one greater than one who fears the Lord. 11 The fear of the Lord surpasses all things. To whom can someone who holds it be compared?

Hostility and a Troubled Marriage

13 Any wound but a wound of the heart! Any wickedness but the wickedness of a woman!⁠ 14 Any disaster but a disaster from those who hate me! Any vengeance but the vengeance of enemies! 15 There is no venom worse than a snake’s venom. There is no anger worse than an enemy’s anger.

16 I would rather live with a lion and a dragon than keep house with a wicked woman. 17 The wickedness of a woman changes her appearance, and darkens her face like that of a bear. 18 Her husband will sit among his neighbors, and when he hears it, he sighs bitterly. 19 All malice is small compared to the malice of a woman. Let a sinner’s fate fall on her. 20 A wife full of words is to a quiet man what walking up a sandy hill is to the feet of the elderly. 21 Don’t be ensnared by a woman’s beauty. Don’t desire a woman for her beauty. 22 There is anger, shamelessness, and great disgrace if a woman supports her husband.⁠

23 A wicked woman is a downcast heart, a sad face, and a wounded heart. A woman who won’t make her husband happy is like hands that hang down, and weak knees.⁠ 24 The beginning of sin came from a woman. Because of her, we all die.⁠ 25 Don’t give water an outlet, and don’t give a wicked woman freedom of speech. 26 If she doesn’t follow your directions, cut her away from your flesh.⁠

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 25:6 and Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 3.3

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Clement of Alexandria uses Sirach as an authoritative source to teach about wisdom and maturity, demonstrating how the Jewish wisdom text influenced early Christian teaching and tradition.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 25:6

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
4 How beautiful is judgment among the gray-haired,
and for elders to know good advice!
5 How beautiful is the wisdom of old men,
and understanding and advice to honored men!
6 Much experience is the crown of the aged.
Their glory is the fear of the Lord.
7 There are nine things I have thought about and judged fortunate in my heart,
and I will speak of a tenth with my tongue:
a man who has joy with his children,
and a man who lives and sees the fall of his enemies.
8 Happy is he who lives with a wife of understanding,
he who has not slipped with his tongue,
and he who has not served a man who is unworthy of him.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 3.3

Early Christian · Paedagogus
The more, then, a man hastes to the end, the more truly venerable is he, having God alone as his senior, since He is the eternal aged One, He who is older than all things. Prophecy has called him the Ancient of days; and the hair of His head was as pure wool, says the prophet. And none other, says the Lord, can make the hair white or black. How, then, do these godless ones work in rivalry with God, or rather violently oppose Him, when they transmute the hair made white by Him? The crown of old men is great experience, says Scripture; and the hoary hair of their face is the blossom of large experience. But these dishonour the reverence of age, the head covered with grey hairs. It is not, it is not possible for him to show the head true who has a fraudulent head. But you have not so learned Christ; if so be that you have heard Him, and have been taught by Him, as the truth is in Jesus: that you put off, concerning the former way of life, the old man (not the hoary man, but him that is) corrupt according to deceitful lusts; and be renewed (not by dyeings and ornaments), but in the spirit of your mind; and put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness.

References

"... The eighty-fifth of the Apostolical Canons gives a list of the books of the Hebrew Canon, and adds the first three books of the Maccabees and the Wisdom of Sirach; these last four are not, however, included in the Canon, though the Wisdom of Sirach is specially recommended for the instruction of the young. Again, in the Apostolical Constitutions, 6:14, 15, quotations from Sirach are given with the same formula as those from the books of the Hebrew Canon, but in the list given in 2:57 of the same work, there is no mention of any of the books of the Apocrypha ... The evidence of Clement of Alexandria is conflicting; in his Paedagogus he quotes very often from Sirach, and speaks of it as 'scripture', from which it would evidently appear that he regarded it as canonical Scripture; but, according to Eusebius, Clement reckoned Sirach among the 'Antilegomena', for in speaking of Clement's works he mentions the Stromateis, or 'Medleys', and says: 'He quotes in them passages from the disputed Scriptures, the so-called Wisdom of Solomon, for example, and of Jesus the son of Sirach, and the Epistle to the Hebrews, and those of Barnabas, Clement, and Jude ..."
R. H. Charles, The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament (Oxford University Press, 1913), 299.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 25:6 and Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor 3.3

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