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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 57

1 The godly perish, but no one cares. Honest people disappear, when no one minds that the godly disappear because of evil.⁠ 2 Those who live uprightly enter a place of peace; they rest on their beds.⁠ 3 “But approach, you sons of omen readers, you offspring of adulteresses and prostitutes! 4 At whom are you laughing? At whom are you opening your mouth and sticking out your tongue? You are the children of rebels, the offspring of liars, 5 you who inflame your lusts among the oaks and under every green tree, who slaughter children near the streams under the rocky overhangs. 6 Among the smooth stones of the stream are the idols you love; they, they are the object of your devotion. You pour out liquid offerings to them, you make an offering. Because of these things how can I relent from judgment? 7 On every high, elevated hill you prepare your bed; you go up there to offer sacrifices. 8 Behind the door and doorpost you put your symbols.⁠ Indeed, you depart from me and go up and invite them into bed with you. You purchase favors from them; you love their bed, and gaze longingly on their naked bodies.⁠ 9 You take olive oil as tribute to your king, along with many perfumes. You send your messengers to a distant place; you go all the way to Sheol. 10 Because of the long distance you must travel, you get tired, but you do not say, ‘I give up.’ You get renewed energy, so you don’t collapse. 11 Whom are you worried about? Whom do you fear, that you would act so deceitfully and not remember me or think about me? Because I have been silent for so long, you are not afraid of me. 12 I will denounce your so-called righteousness and your deeds, but they will not help you. 13 When you cry out for help, let your idols help you! The wind blows them all away, a breeze carries them away. But the one who looks to me for help will inherit the land and will have access to my holy mountain.” 14 He says, “Build it! Build it! Clear a way! Remove all the obstacles out of the way of my people!” 15 For this is what the high and exalted one says, the one who rules forever,⁠ whose name is holy: “I dwell in an exalted and holy place, but also with the discouraged and humiliated,⁠ in order to cheer up the humiliated and to encourage the discouraged.⁠ 16 For I will not be hostile forever or perpetually angry, for then man’s spirit would grow faint before me, the life-giving breath I created. 17 I was angry because of their sinful greed;⁠ I attacked them and angrily rejected them, yet they remained disobedient and stubborn. 18 I have seen their behavior, but I will heal them. I will lead them, and I will provide comfort to them and those who mourn with them.⁠ 19 I am the one who gives them reason to celebrate. Complete prosperity is available both to those who are far away and those who are nearby,”⁠ says the Lord, “and I will heal them. 20 But the wicked are like a surging sea that is unable to be quiet; its waves toss up mud and sand.⁠ 21 There will be no prosperity, ” says my God, “for the wicked.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 57:18 and Jonathan Isaiah 57:18

Hebrew Bible · Targum

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Summary

Isaiah 57 presents divine healing as a future act following the people's disobedience, while the Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan changes this so repentance is a necessary requirement before that divine healing will happen.

Passages

Isaiah 57:18

Hebrew Bible
16 For I will not be hostile forever or perpetually angry, for then man’s spirit would grow faint before me, the life-giving breath I created. 17 I was angry because of their sinful greed; I attacked them and angrily rejected them, yet they remained disobedient and stubborn. 18 I have seen their behavior, but I will heal them. I will lead them, and I will provide comfort to them and those who mourn with them. 19 I am the one who gives them reason to celebrate. Complete prosperity is available both to those who are far away and those who are nearby,” says the Lord, “and I will heal them. 20 But the wicked are like a surging sea that is unable to be quiet; its waves toss up mud and sand.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Jonathan Isaiah 57:18

Targum
16 “For I will not take the vengeance of judgment forever, neither will my wrath be eternal; for I will revive the spirits of the dead, and the souls I have created. 17 My wrath was upon them on account of their robbed riches, and I struck them; I removed my Shekinah from them and cast them out; I scattered their captives, because they went astray after the imagination of their hearts. 18 The way of their repentance is revealed before me, and I will forgive them, and I will have compassion on them, and grant consolations to them and to those who mourn with them.” 19 The prophet said, “He who creates the speech on the lips of every man, peace will be made for the righteous who have kept my Torah of old, and peace will be made for the penitent who return to my Torah. It is at hand that I will pardon them, says the LORD.” 20 But the wicked are like the troubled sea that seeks to rest but cannot, and its waters bring forth mire and dirt.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Isaiah

References

"... Another instance of the same phenomenon is provided by the meturgeman's language of "repentance". As we have seen, repentance in the Targum is pre-eminently what the meturgeman demands from his audience. In the face of national calamity, it represents the only divinely sanctioned way forward, and Israel's failure in respect of repentance to the law is the very reason for that calamity. At times, another level of meaning is exploited within this theology (57:18a) ... As in the case of the usage of "Messiah", we appear to be confronting a tendency to transmute hope into actuality. As examples of this sort mount up, that distinctive tendency seems all the more important for an understanding of the Targum ..."
Bruce D. Chilton, The Isaiah Targum: Introduction, Translation, Apparatus and Notes, ArBib 11 (Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1987), xviii.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 57:18 and Jonathan Isaiah 57:18

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