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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 46

1 Bel kneels down, Nebo bends low. Their images weigh down animals and beasts. Your heavy images are burdensome to tired animals. 2 Together they bend low and kneel down; they are unable to rescue the images; they themselves head off into captivity. 3 “Listen to me, O family of Jacob, all you who are left from the family of Israel, you who have been carried from birth, you who have been supported from the time you left the womb. 4 Even when you are old, I will take care of you, even when you have gray hair, I will carry you. I made you and I will support you; I will carry you and rescue you.⁠ 5 To whom can you compare and liken me? Tell me whom you think I resemble, so we can be compared! 6 Those who empty out gold from a purse and weigh out silver on the scale hire a metalsmith, who makes it into a god. They then bow down and worship it. 7 They put it on their shoulder and carry it; they put it in its place and it just stands there; it does not move from its place.⁠ Even when someone cries out to it, it does not reply; it does not deliver him from his distress. 8 Remember this, so you can be brave. Think about it, you rebels! 9 Remember what I accomplished in antiquity. Truly I am God, I have no peer; I am God, and there is none like me, 10 who announces the end from the beginning and reveals beforehand what has not yet occurred; who says, ‘My plan will be realized, I will accomplish what I desire;’ 11 who summons an eagle from the east, from a distant land, one who carries out my plan. Yes, I have decreed, yes, I will bring it to pass; I have formulated a plan, yes, I will carry it out. 12 Listen to me, you stubborn people, you who distance yourselves from doing what is right. 13 I am bringing my deliverance near, it is not far away; I am bringing my salvation near, it does not wait. I will save Zion; I will adorn Israel with my splendor.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 46:4 and 3 Enoch 4:6

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In Isaiah, God promises to carry and sustain his people. In 3 Enoch, God repeats that promise to defend Enoch against the angels, interpreting his care for humanity as the answer to their objection to a human in heaven.

Passages

Isaiah 46:4

Hebrew Bible
2 Together they bend low and kneel down; they are unable to rescue the images; they themselves head off into captivity. 3 “Listen to me, O family of Jacob, all you who are left from the family of Israel, you who have been carried from birth, you who have been supported from the time you left the womb. 4 Even when you are old, I will take care of you, even when you have gray hair, I will carry you. I made you and I will support you; I will carry you and rescue you. 5 To whom can you compare and liken me? Tell me whom you think I resemble, so we can be compared!
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

3 Enoch 4:6

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Hebrew Book of Enoch
5 Hence the Holy One, blessed be He, lifted me up in their lifetime before their eyes to be a witness against them to the future world. And the Holy One, blessed be He, assigned me for a prince and a ruler among the ministering angels. 6 In that hour three of the ministering angels, 'UZZA, 'AZZA and 'AZZAEL came forth and brought charges against me in the high heavens, saying before the Holy One, blessed be He: "Said not the Ancient Ones (First Ones) rightly before You: 'Do not create man!'" The Holy One, blessed be He, answered and said to them: "I have made and I will bear, yes, I will carry and will deliver". (Is. xlvi. 4.)
400–600 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 Enoch

References

“... The rabbinic versions of this motif appear to have two fundamental aims: [1] to elevate Israel above the angels and [2] to stress God’s mercy in preserving humankind. Likewise, 3 Enoch 4 (§§ 5-6) and 6 (§9) appeal to this motif to elevate Enoch above the angels. Moreover, in both units, the angelic accusations against Enoch prompt God to defend His choice and hence to explicate His relationship with humankind. In 3 Enoch 4 (§§ 5-6), God gives two answers, corresponding to angels’ two questions. First, He justifies His decision to abide by wicked humankind, stressing His merciful nature by quoting Isa 46:4 (4:7). Then, He chastises the angels for doubting his decision to elevate Enoch, thus occasioning their submission to him (4:8-10). Similarly, in 3 Enoch 6 (§9), the angels’ questions lead God to explain His rationale for removing both Enoch and the Shekinah from the earth (6:3). ...”
Annette Yoshiko Reed, “From Asael and Semihazah to Uzzah, Azzah, and Azael: 3 Enoch 5 (§§7–8) and Jewish Reception-History of 1 Enoch,” (2001): 126.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 46:4 and 3 Enoch 4:6

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