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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 24

1 Look, the Lord is ready to devastate the earth and leave it in ruins; he will mar its surface and scatter its inhabitants.⁠ 2 Everyone will suffer—the priest as well as the people,⁠ the master as well as the servant, the elegant lady as well as the female attendant, the seller as well as the buyer, the borrower as well as the lender, the creditor as well as the debtor. 3 The earth will be completely devastated and thoroughly ransacked. For the Lord has decreed this judgment. 4 The earth dries up and withers, the world shrivels up and withers; the prominent people of the earth fade away. 5 The earth is defiled by its inhabitants, for they have violated laws, disregarded the regulation, and broken the permanent treaty.⁠ 6 So a treaty curse devours the earth; its inhabitants pay for their guilt. This is why the inhabitants of the earth disappear, and are reduced to just a handful of people. 7 The new wine dries up, the vines shrivel up, all those who like to celebrate groan. 8 The happy sound of the tambourines stops, the revelry of those who celebrate comes to a halt, the happy sound of the harp ceases. 9 They no longer sing and drink wine; the beer tastes bitter to those who drink it. 10 The city of chaos is shattered;⁠ all the houses are shut up tight.⁠ 11 They howl in the streets because of what happened to the wine; all joy turns to sorrow; celebrations disappear from the earth. 12 The city is left in ruins; the gate is reduced to rubble. 13 This is what will happen throughout the earth, among the nations. It will be like when they beat an olive tree, and just a few olives are left at the end of the harvest. 14 They lift their voices and shout joyfully; they praise the majesty of the Lord in the west. 15 So in the east extol the Lord, along the seacoasts extol the fame of the Lord God of Israel. 16 From the ends of the earth we hear songs—the Just One is majestic. But I say, “I’m wasting away! I’m wasting away! I’m doomed! Deceivers deceive, deceivers thoroughly deceive!” 17 Terror, pit, and snare are ready to overtake you, inhabitants of the earth! 18 The one who runs away from the sound of the terror will fall into the pit; the one who climbs out of the pit will be trapped by the snare.⁠ For the floodgates of the heavens are opened up and the foundations of the earth shake.⁠ 19 The earth is broken in pieces, the earth is ripped to shreds, the earth shakes violently.⁠ 20 The earth will stagger around like a drunk; it will sway back and forth like a hut in a windstorm. Its sin will weigh it down, and it will fall and never get up again.⁠ 21 At that time the Lord will punish the heavenly forces in the heavens⁠ and the earthly kings on the earth.⁠ 22 They will be imprisoned in a pit, locked up in a prison, and after staying there for a long time, they will be punished. 23 The full moon will be covered up, the bright sun will be darkened; for the Lord of Heaven’s Armies will rule on Mount Zion⁠ in Jerusalem⁠ in the presence of his assembly, in majestic splendor.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 9:16 and Isaiah 24:5

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah 24 pictures the earth as ruined and defiled, connecting to Genesis 9 where God promised never again to wipe out all life with a flood. By recalling that covenant, the prophet uses the memory of the flood to describe the scale of coming judgment.

Passages

Genesis 9:16

Hebrew Bible
14 Whenever I bring clouds over the earth and the bow35 appears in the clouds, 15 then I will remember my covenant with you and with all living creatures of all kinds. Never again will the waters become a flood and destroy all living things. 16 When the rainbow is in the clouds, I will notice it and remember the perpetual covenant between God and all living creatures of all kinds that are on the earth.” 17 So God said to Noah, “This is the guarantee of the covenant that I am confirming between me and all living things that are on the earth.” 18 The sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. (Now Ham was the father of Canaan.)
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Isaiah 24:5

Hebrew Bible
3 The earth will be completely devastated and thoroughly ransacked. For the Lord has decreed this judgment. 4 The earth dries up and withers, the world shrivels up and withers; the prominent people of the earth fade away. 5 The earth is defiled by its inhabitants, for they have violated laws, disregarded the regulation, and broken the permanent treaty. 6 So a treaty curse devours the earth; its inhabitants pay for their guilt. This is why the inhabitants of the earth disappear, and are reduced to just a handful of people. 7 The new wine dries up, the vines shrivel up, all those who like to celebrate groan.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

References

"... There is another possible allusion to the Noahide flood narrative in these chapters. In Isaiah 26:20–21, God instructs his people to hide themselves until his anger should pass and the world rid of the bloodshed and its iniquitous inhabitants who have polluted it. The instruction for God’s differentiated and favored people to hide to avoid destruction, to many scholars, echo both the Passover and the Noahide flood narratives. The verbal and thematic echo of the flood narrative is particularly strong. Just as God instructs Noah to enter the Ark (Genesis 6:18, 19, 20; 7:1, 9, 13, 15, 16), so too does God instruct his people to enter their rooms and to hide there (Isaiah 26:20). And just as God closed the door of Noah’s Ark behind Noah after him (Genesis 7:16), so too does he command his people to close the door behind them (Isaiah 26:20). If God’s eschatological judgment was imagined to take the form of a flood, comparable to the one God unleashed during the time of Noah, then God here shows particular favor to his people and provides them a safe haven. However, it should be noted, God does not instruct the people to enter Noah’s Ark but their rooms, more reminiscent of the Passover narrative than the flood. The point that needs to be repeated, in this light, is that the flood imagery is but one of the metaphors the author employed to figure destruction. The Isaianic author activates the image and memory of the flood to communicate the cosmic scope of God’s judgment. However, he does not say that judgment will in fact take the form of a flood, lest he portray God as reneging on his “everlasting covenant” not to destroy the earth by means of the flood (Genesis 9:8–17). In light of the observation that the Apocalypse may allude to the Noahide flood in 24:18 and 26:20–21, an allusion to the Noahide covenant in Isaiah 24:5 (compare Genesis 9:16) appears possible ..."
Paul K.-K. Cho, Myth, History, and Metaphor in the Hebrew Bible (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019), 175–176.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 9:16 and Isaiah 24:5

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