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Habakkuk

About this book
Chapter 2

1 I will stand at my watch post; I will remain stationed on the city wall.⁠ I will keep watching so I can see what he says to me and can know how I should answer when he counters my argument. 2 The Lord responded: “Write down this message. Record it legibly on tablets so the one who announces it may read it easily.⁠ 3 For the message is a witness to what is decreed; it gives reliable testimony about how matters will turn out. Even if the message is not fulfilled right away, wait patiently; for it will certainly come to pass—it⁠ will not arrive late.⁠ 4 Look, the one whose desires are not upright will faint from exhaustion, but the person of integrity will live because of his faithfulness.⁠ 5 Indeed, wine will betray the proud, restless man! His appetite is as big as Sheol’s; like death, he is never satisfied. He gathers all the nations; he seizes all peoples.⁠ 6 “But all these nations will someday taunt him and ridicule him with proverbial sayings: ‘Woe to the one who accumulates what does not belong to him (how long will this go on?)—he who gets rich by extortion!’ 7 Your creditors will suddenly attack; those who terrify you will spring into action, and they will rob you. 8 Because you robbed many countries, all who are left among the nations will rob you.⁠ You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 9 “The one who builds his house by unjust gain is as good as dead. He does this so he can build his nest way up high and escape the clutches of disaster. 10 Your schemes will bring shame to your house. Because you destroyed many nations, you will self-destruct. 11 For the stones in the walls will cry out, and the wooden rafters will answer back. 12 “Woe to the one who builds a city by bloodshed—he who starts a town by unjust deeds.⁠ 13 Be sure of this! The Lord of Heaven’s Armies has decreed: The nations’ efforts will go up in smoke;⁠ their exhausting work will be for nothing. 14 For recognition of the Lord’s sovereign majesty will fill the earth just as the waters fill up the sea.⁠ 15 “Woe to you who force your neighbor to drink wine—you who make others intoxicated by forcing them to drink from the bowl of your furious anger so you can look at their naked bodies.⁠ 16 But you will become drunk with shame, not majesty. Now it is your turn to drink and expose your uncircumcised foreskin!⁠ The cup of wine in the Lord’s right hand is coming to you, and disgrace will replace your majestic glory!⁠ 17 For you will pay in full for your violent acts against Lebanon; terrifying judgment will come upon you because of the way you destroyed the wild animals living there. You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 18 What good is an idol? Why would a craftsman make it? What good is a metal image that gives misleading oracles? Why would its creator place his trust in it and make such mute, worthless things? 19 Woe to the one who says to wood, ‘Wake up!’—he who says to speechless stone, ‘Awake!’ Can it give reliable guidance? It is overlaid with gold and silver; it has no life’s breath inside it. 20 But the Lord is in his majestic palace. The whole earth is speechless in his presence!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Habakkuk 2:8 and 1QpHab 9:4

Hebrew Bible · Dead Sea Scrolls, Biblical Interpretation

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Summary

In Habakkuk, the conquered people will plunder the empire that robbed them. In 1QpHab, a Dead Sea Scrolls commentary, the warning targets the priests of Jerusalem, while the Roman army takes the place of the conquered peoples.

Passages

Habakkuk 2:8

Hebrew Bible
6 “But all these nations will someday taunt him and ridicule him with proverbial sayings: ‘Woe to the one who accumulates what does not belong to him (how long will this go on?)—he who gets rich by extortion!’ 7 Your creditors will suddenly attack; those who terrify you will spring into action, and they will rob you. 8 Because you robbed many countries, all who are left among the nations will rob you. You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 9 “The one who builds his house by unjust gain is as good as dead. He does this so he can build his nest way up high and escape the clutches of disaster.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Habakkuk

1QpHab 9:4

Dead Sea Scrolls, Biblical Interpretation · Commentary on Habakkuk
3 it says, “Because you plundered many nations, all the rest of the peoples 4 will plunder you,” its interpretation concerns the last priests of Jerusalem, 5 who gather wealth and gain from the plunder of the peoples. 6 But in the last days their wealth with their plunder will be given into the hand of 7 the army of the Kittim, for they are “the rest of the peoples.”
175–100 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1QpHab

References

“... (5) The pesher on Hab 2:8a describes the Romans quite differently than does the pesher on Hab 1:10. Because you have plundered many nations, all the remnant of the peoples shall plunder you (Hab 2:8a). Interpreted, this concerns the last priests of Jerusalem, who shall amass money and wealth by plundering the peoples. But in the last days, their riches and booty shall be delivered into the hands of the army of the Kittim, for it is they who shall be the remnant of the peoples. (1QpHab IX 3–7) Here Habakkuk’s reference to the Babylonians (“you” in the original) is made to refer to corrupt priests of Jerusalem, while the “remnant of the peoples”—a term referring to the survivors of an invasion—becomes the Romans. While Habakkuk envisioned Babylon’s conquered victims rising up against it, the pesher sees the Romans dispossessing the priests. Note how the Romans, described as conquerors in the comment on Hab 1:10b, are here given the role of the surviving victims of invasion, an excellent example of atomistic interpretation. ...”
Robert J. Miller, Helping Jesus Fulfill Prophecy (Eugene, OR: Cascade, 2016), 77.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Habakkuk 2:8 and 1QpHab 9:4

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