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Habakkuk

About this book
Chapter 2

1 I will stand at my watch post; I will remain stationed on the city wall.⁠ I will keep watching so I can see what he says to me and can know how I should answer when he counters my argument. 2 The Lord responded: “Write down this message. Record it legibly on tablets so the one who announces it may read it easily.⁠ 3 For the message is a witness to what is decreed; it gives reliable testimony about how matters will turn out. Even if the message is not fulfilled right away, wait patiently; for it will certainly come to pass—it⁠ will not arrive late.⁠ 4 Look, the one whose desires are not upright will faint from exhaustion, but the person of integrity will live because of his faithfulness.⁠ 5 Indeed, wine will betray the proud, restless man! His appetite is as big as Sheol’s; like death, he is never satisfied. He gathers all the nations; he seizes all peoples.⁠ 6 “But all these nations will someday taunt him and ridicule him with proverbial sayings: ‘Woe to the one who accumulates what does not belong to him (how long will this go on?)—he who gets rich by extortion!’ 7 Your creditors will suddenly attack; those who terrify you will spring into action, and they will rob you. 8 Because you robbed many countries, all who are left among the nations will rob you.⁠ You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 9 “The one who builds his house by unjust gain is as good as dead. He does this so he can build his nest way up high and escape the clutches of disaster. 10 Your schemes will bring shame to your house. Because you destroyed many nations, you will self-destruct. 11 For the stones in the walls will cry out, and the wooden rafters will answer back. 12 “Woe to the one who builds a city by bloodshed—he who starts a town by unjust deeds.⁠ 13 Be sure of this! The Lord of Heaven’s Armies has decreed: The nations’ efforts will go up in smoke;⁠ their exhausting work will be for nothing. 14 For recognition of the Lord’s sovereign majesty will fill the earth just as the waters fill up the sea.⁠ 15 “Woe to you who force your neighbor to drink wine—you who make others intoxicated by forcing them to drink from the bowl of your furious anger so you can look at their naked bodies.⁠ 16 But you will become drunk with shame, not majesty. Now it is your turn to drink and expose your uncircumcised foreskin!⁠ The cup of wine in the Lord’s right hand is coming to you, and disgrace will replace your majestic glory!⁠ 17 For you will pay in full for your violent acts against Lebanon; terrifying judgment will come upon you because of the way you destroyed the wild animals living there. You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 18 What good is an idol? Why would a craftsman make it? What good is a metal image that gives misleading oracles? Why would its creator place his trust in it and make such mute, worthless things? 19 Woe to the one who says to wood, ‘Wake up!’—he who says to speechless stone, ‘Awake!’ Can it give reliable guidance? It is overlaid with gold and silver; it has no life’s breath inside it. 20 But the Lord is in his majestic palace. The whole earth is speechless in his presence!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 5:14 and Habakkuk 2:5

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah and Habakkuk both speak of death as a power that never has enough and keeps taking more, never satisfied. This shared image shows how human violence and ambition are pictured as forces that consume without limit.

Passages

Isaiah 5:14

Hebrew Bible
12 They have stringed instruments, tambourines, flutes, and wine at their parties. So they do not recognize what the Lord is doing, they do not perceive what he is bringing about. 13 Therefore my people will be deported because of their lack of understanding. Their leaders will have nothing to eat, their masses will have nothing to drink. 14 So Death will open up its throat, and open wide its mouth; Zion’s dignitaries and masses will descend into it, including those who revel and celebrate within her. 15 Men will be humiliated, they will be brought low; the proud will be brought low. 16 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies will be exalted when he punishes, the holy God’s authority will be recognized when he judges.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Habakkuk 2:5

Hebrew Bible
3 For the message is a witness to what is decreed; it gives reliable testimony about how matters will turn out. Even if the message is not fulfilled right away, wait patiently; for it will certainly come to pass—it will not arrive late. 4 Look, the one whose desires are not upright will faint from exhaustion, but the person of integrity will live because of his faithfulness. 5 Indeed, wine will betray the proud, restless man! His appetite is as big as Sheol’s; like death, he is never satisfied. He gathers all the nations; he seizes all peoples. 6 “But all these nations will someday taunt him and ridicule him with proverbial sayings: ‘Woe to the one who accumulates what does not belong to him (how long will this go on?)—he who gets rich by extortion!’ 7 Your creditors will suddenly attack; those who terrify you will spring into action, and they will rob you.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Habakkuk

References

"... Baal’s conflict with the god Death (Mot) at Ugarit is not reflected in the First Testament, although one episode during Baal’s period in the underworld seems to lie behind the poem about the “son of Dawn” who seeks to make his throne “on the heights of Zaphon” but is brought down to the underworld (Isaiah 14:12-15). At Ugarit, Athtar, who is associated with the morning star (Venus), seeks to replace Baal, but when he climbs onto Baal’s throne on Mount Zaphon, Athtar’s legs do not reach the ground, and he is forced to withdraw in disgrace. On the other hand, Death as a deity is reflected in the First Testament. Isaiah 28:15, 18 refers to Judah’s “covenant with death,” and the surrounding religious language indicates that this is neither physical death nor a metaphor for a foreign power but rather a covenant with a deity in place of the one with Yahweh. Isaiah 5:14 describes Sheol, Death’s home, as a gaping mouth through which the inhabitants of Jerusalem enter, just as an Ugarit text describes Mot’s mouth as stretching from the heavens to the earth; Numbers 16:30; Psalm 141:7; Proverbs 1:12; and Habakkuk 2:5 also refer to Sheol’s “mouth” swallowing people, but Yahweh (ironically) swallows Death (Isaiah 25:7). Similarly, the metaphor of Death shepherding people to Sheol (Psalm 49:14) echoes an Ugaritic reference to sheep in Mot’s mouth ..."
John L. McLaughlin, The Ancient Near East: An Essential Guide (Nashville: Abingdon, 2012), 118–119.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 5:14 and Habakkuk 2:5

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