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Gospel of Philip

About this book

Baptism, Divine Names, Eucharist

Chapter 6

God is a dyer. Like the good dyes, called true, die with what have been dyed in them, this is the way it is with those whom God has dyed, because his dyes are deathless. They are deathless on account of his colored remedies. However, those whom God baptizes, he baptizes in water ‹and power›. It is not possible that anyone could see something that has been decreed unless he becomes like it. This is not the way it is with the man who dwells in the world. He sees the sun without becoming the sun, and he sees the sky, and the earth, and everything else without becoming them. This is the way it is with truth, however: You have seen some things there, and you have become them. You have seen the Spirit, and have become Spirit. You have seen Christ, and have become Christ.⁠ You have seen the [Father, and you] will become Father. Consequently, [here] you see all things, and you do not [see yourself]. You, however, will see yourself in [that place], because you will [become] what you see. Faith obtains, love gives.⁠ [No one can] [obtain] apart from faith. No one can give apart from love. Consequently, we believe so we can obtain. However, we give so we can love, because if someone does not give out of love, he will not profit from what he has given. He who has not obtained the Lord is still a Hebrew. The apostles who lived before us named in this way: “Jesus the Nazarene, Messiah,” that is, “Jesus the Nazarene, Christ.” The last name is “Christ,” the first is “Jesus,” the middle one is “the Nazarene.” “Messiah” bears two meanings, both “Christ” and “he who is measured.” “Jesus” in Hebrew means “salvation,” “Nazara” means “truth.” “The Nazarene” is consequently the (man of) truth. “Christ” was the one who was measured. “The Nazarene” and “Jesus” were the ones who were measured. If a pearl is cast down into the mud, it will not be more despised, nor will it be (more) precious if anointed with balsam. It remains, on the contrary, ever valuable to its master. This is the way it is with the children of God: Wherever they are, they remain ever valuable to their Father. Should you say, “I am a Jew,” no one will be moved. Should you say, “I am a Roman,” no one will be distressed. Should you say, “I am a Greek,” “a barbarian,” “a slave,” [“a free,”] no one will be troubled.⁠ [Should] you [say], “I am a Christian,” the [world] will shake. If only [... of] this kind, the one [who ...] will be unable to bear [hearing] his name. God is a Man-eater.⁠ Consequently, the Man was [sacrificed] to him. Before the Man had been sacrificed, animals were sacrificed, because those to whom they sacrificed were not gods. Glass vessels as well as pottery vessels come to be with fire. If, however, glass vessels get broken, they are refashioned, because they came to be with a breath. By contrast, if pottery vessels get broken, they are destroyed, because they came to be without breath. A donkey turned a millstone, finishing (the equivalent of) a hundred-mile walk. When it let loose, it found itself still in exactly the same place. Some men do a lot of walking, and they make no progress toward any destination. When evening overtakes them, they have seen neither any city nor any village, nor anything man-made nor of nature, as well as any power and any angel. These despicable people have worked for nothing. The Eucharist is Jesus, because in Syriac it is called “Pharisatha,” that is, “he who is spread out,” because Jesus came crucifying the world.⁠ The Lord entered Levi’s dyeing-place, and took seventy-two colors, and cast them into the vat, and took out all of them white, and he said: “In this way the Son of the Son of Man has come [as] a dyer.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Galatians 3:28 and Gospel of Philip 6:33

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

The Gospel of Philip echoes Galatians' list of Jew, Greek, slave, and free, setting these labels against the name Christian. The shared list turns Paul's teaching about unity in Jesus into a contrast between ordinary names and one that shakes the world.

Passages

Galatians 3:28

New Testament
23 Now before faith came we were held in custody under the law, being kept as prisoners until the coming faith would be revealed. 24 Thus the law had become our guardian until Christ, so that we could be declared righteous by faith. 25 But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a guardian. 26 For in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God through faith. 27 For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female—for all of you are one in Christ Jesus. 29 And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s descendants, heirs according to the promise.
48–55 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Galatians

Gospel of Philip 6:33

Nag Hammadi
If a pearl is cast down into the mud, it will not be more despised, nor will it be (more) precious if anointed with balsam. It remains, on the contrary, ever valuable to its master. This is the way it is with the children of God: Wherever they are, they remain ever valuable to their Father. Should you say, “I am a Jew,” no one will be moved. Should you say, “I am a Roman,” no one will be distressed. Should you say, “I am a Greek,” “a barbarian,” “a slave,” [“a free,”] no one will be troubled. [Should] you [say], “I am a Christian,” the [world] will shake.
180–250 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Philip

References

“... The initiated reader could see in 3:23-25 Paul’s declaration of the liberation of the elect—as ‘‘sons of God” (cf. 3:26) from the restraints and tutelege of the demiurge's law. One Valentinian teacher describes how those “baptized into God” (ef. 3:27) in the name of the Father, Son, and holy spirit, are “reborn” and “become higher than all the other powers.” ** Apparently referring to 3:27, the author of the Gospel of Philip says that “the living water is a body. It is fitting that we put on the living man. Because of this. when he is about to go down to the water he unclothes himself, so that he may put on this one.”’** Rheginos’ teacher adds that those who have died and been raised with the savior in baptism now “wear him.’ ** Those who still identify themselves in terms of racial and social distinctions, however (as Jews, Greeks, slaves, or free; ef. 3:28) are not yet truly Christian.*’ ...”
Elaine Hiesey Pagels, The Gnostic Paul: Gnostic Exegesis of the Pauline Letters (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1975), 108.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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