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Genesis

About this book

Jacob's Family Goes to Egypt

Chapter 46

1 So Israel began his journey, taking with him all that he had. When he came to Beer Sheba he offered sacrifices to the God of his father Isaac. 2 God spoke to Israel in a vision during the night and said, “Jacob, Jacob!” He replied, “Here I am!”⁠ 3 He said, “I am God, the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there. 4 I will go down with you to Egypt and I myself will certainly bring you back from there. Joseph will close your eyes.” 5 Then Jacob started out from Beer Sheba, and the sons of Israel carried their father Jacob, their little children, and their wives in the wagons that Pharaoh had sent along to transport him. 6 Jacob and all his descendants took their livestock and the possessions they had acquired⁠ in the land of Canaan, and they went to Egypt. 7 He brought with him to Egypt his sons and grandsons, his daughters and granddaughters—all his descendants.

The Family Who Entered Egypt

8 These are the names of the sons of Israel who went to Egypt—Jacob and his sons: Reuben, the firstborn of Jacob. 9 The sons of Reuben: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. 10 The sons of Simeon: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul (the son of a Canaanite woman). 11 The sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. 12 The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah (but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan). The sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul. 13 The sons of Issachar: Tola, Puah, Jashub, and Shimron. 14 The sons of Zebulun: Sered, Elon, and Jahleel. 15 These were the sons of Leah, whom she bore to Jacob in Paddan Aram, along with Dinah his daughter. His sons and daughters numbered thirty-three in all. 16 The sons of Gad: Zephon, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi, and Areli. 17 The sons of Asher: Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi, Beriah, and Serah their sister. The sons of Beriah were Heber and Malkiel. 18 These were the sons of Zilpah, whom Laban gave to Leah his daughter. She bore these to Jacob, sixteen in all. 19 The sons of Rachel the wife of Jacob: Joseph and Benjamin. 20 Manasseh and Ephraim were born to Joseph in the land of Egypt. Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On, bore them to him. 21 The sons of Benjamin: Bela, Beker, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim and Ard. 22 These were the sons of Rachel who were born to Jacob, fourteen in all. 23 The son of Dan: Hushim. 24 The sons of Naphtali: Jahziel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem. 25 These were the sons of Bilhah, whom Laban gave to Rachel his daughter. She bore these to Jacob, seven in all. 26 All the direct descendants of Jacob who went to Egypt with him were sixty-six in number. (This number does not include the wives of Jacob’s sons.) 27 Counting the two sons of Joseph who were born to him in Egypt, all the people of the household of Jacob who were in Egypt numbered seventy.⁠

Jacob and Joseph Reunited

28 Jacob sent Judah before him to Joseph to accompany him to Goshen. So they came to the land of Goshen. 29 Joseph harnessed his chariot and went up to meet his father Israel in Goshen. When he met him, he hugged his neck and wept on his neck for quite some time. 30 Israel said to Joseph, “Now let me die since I have seen your face and know that you are still alive.” 31 Then Joseph said to his brothers and his father’s household, “I will go up and tell Pharaoh, ‘My brothers and my father’s household who were in the land of Canaan have come to me. 32 The men are shepherds; they take care of livestock. They have brought their flocks and their herds and all that they have.’ 33 Pharaoh will summon you and say, ‘What is your occupation?’ 34 Tell him, ‘Your servants have taken care of cattle from our youth until now, both we and our fathers,’ so that you may live in the land of Goshen, for everyone who takes care of sheep is disgusting to the Egyptians.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 12:5 and Genesis 46:6

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Genesis 12 and Genesis 46 both show a family moving with their goods and people gained while living in a foreign land. The repeated pattern signals a major turning point in the story, even though different writers shape the details in distinct ways.

Passages

Genesis 12:5

Hebrew Bible
4 So Abram left, just as the Lord had told him to do, and Lot went with him. (Now Abram was 75 years old when he departed from Haran.) 5 And Abram took his wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, and all the possessions they had accumulated and the people they had acquired in Haran, and they left for the land of Canaan. They entered the land of Canaan. 6 Abram traveled through the land as far as the oak tree of Moreh at Shechem. (At that time the Canaanites were in the land.)
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Genesis 46:6

Hebrew Bible
5 Then Jacob started out from Beer Sheba, and the sons of Israel carried their father Jacob, their little children, and their wives in the wagons that Pharaoh had sent along to transport him. 6 Jacob and all his descendants took their livestock and the possessions they had acquired in the land of Canaan, and they went to Egypt. 7 He brought with him to Egypt his sons and grandsons, his daughters and granddaughters—all his descendants.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

References

"... In several instances, P mentions the accumulation of possessions by the patriarchs. The rather rare and general expression רכושׁ, “possession, good,” is used In some texts, however, all of which belong to the Jacob-Esau and Joseph sections, other specifying expressions occur in addition to רכושׁ ... (Genesis 12:5; 13:6; 31:18; 36:6-7; 46:6) ... The accumulation of property is expressed differently. In the two texts belonging to the Abraham section, Gen 12:5 and 13:6, the term רכושׁ refers in a general manner to possessions acquired by Abraham. No further specifying expression is used. In a second statement the acquisition of humans (slaves) is mentioned. The use of two different verbs shows that the author distinguishes between two different kind of acquisitions. In Genesis 31:18; 36:6; and 46:6 (belonging to the Jacob-Esau and Joseph narratives), however, the term רכושׁ never occurs alone but is always accompanied by the specifying term מקנה, “livestock,” קנין, “goods,” and (or) בהמה, “cattle” The author intends to identify the acquired property with cattle. As Wöhrle shows, the expression מקנה, “livestock as property” is often used in non-P texts of the ancestral narrative (above all in the Jacob-Esau section) in order to indicate possession of (numerous) cattle. This consistent difference between P’s Abraham narrative on the one hand and the sections concerning Jacob, Esau, and Joseph on the other hints at different authors in the respective sections ..."
Jürg Hutzli, The Origins of P: Literary Profiles and Strata of the Priestly Texts in Genesis 1–Exodus 40 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2023), 185–186.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 12:5 and Genesis 46:6

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