Go to Related Reading
About this book

Exegesis on the Soul

About this book

The Fall of the Soul

Chapter 1

Long ago sages gave the soul a feminine name. She is in fact also female in her nature. She even has a womb. For as long as she dwelt in solitude with the Father, she was virgin, and in form she was androgynous. When she, however, fell into a body and entered this life, she then fell into the hands of many robbers.⁠ And the cruel creatures passed her between each other and [violated] her. Some used her forcefully, while others seduced her with a gift. To be brief, they defiled her, and she [lost] her virginity. And in her body she practiced prostitution and gave herself to all without exception, thinking of each one she was ready to embrace as her husband. When she had surrendered herself to cruel, faithless adulterers, so they could misuse her, she then moaned profoundly and repented. Yet even when she turned away her face from those adulterers, she ran to others, and they forced her to live with them and to be of service to them on their bed, as though they were her masters. Ashamed, she stopped daring to leave them. They, for their part, tricked her for a long time, posing as loyal, true husbands, as though they greatly reverenced her. And after all this, they forsook her and went away. Next she became a helpless, poor, desolate widow. In the time of her distress, not a morsel of food was left for her. All she ever gained from them was the sullying that came from sexual intercourse. And her children from the adulterers are dumb, blind, ailing, and weak-minded. When, however, the exalted Father visited her and looked on her, and saw her moaning in her pains and shame, repenting for the prostitution she practiced, and when she started to invoke his name that he might help her, [she moaned] with all her heart and said: “Save me, my Father. Look on me, because I will give [an account to you], because I forsook my house and escaped from my maiden’s quarters.⁠ Restore me to yourself once more.” When he beholds her in this condition, he will then consider her worthy of bestowing his mercy on her, because many are the sufferings that befell her because she forsook her house.

Texts in conversation

Compare Luke 15:18 and Exegesis on the Soul 1:19

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

Share:

Summary

In Luke 15, the prodigal son admits his sin and returns to his father, who welcomes him. Exegesis on the Soul, a Nag Hammadi text, gives a similar appeal to the soul as a woman who regrets leaving home and asks her Father to restore her.

Passages

Luke 15:18

New Testament
17 But when he came to his senses, he said, ‘How many of my father’s hired workers have food enough to spare, but here I am dying from hunger! 18 I will get up and go to my father and say to him, “Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you. 19 I am no longer worthy to be called your son; treat me like one of your hired workers.”’ 20 So he got up and went to his father. But while he was still a long way from home his father saw him, and his heart went out to him; he ran and hugged his son and kissed him. 21 Then his son said to him, ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you; I am no longer worthy to be called your son.’
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

Exegesis on the Soul 1:19

Nag Hammadi
When, however, the exalted Father visited her and looked on her, and saw her moaning in her pains and shame, repenting for the prostitution she practiced, and when she started to invoke his name that he might help her, [she moaned] with all her heart and said: “Save me, my Father. Look on me, because I will give [an account to you], because I forsook my house and escaped from my maiden’s quarters. Restore me to yourself once more.” When he beholds her in this condition, he will then consider her worthy of bestowing his mercy on her, because many are the sufferings that befell her because she forsook her house.
200–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Exegesis on the Soul

References

“... Fortunately, in a moment of clarity she remembers her “Father on high” and “began to call on him for help, and [she signed] with all her heart” (Exeg. Soul 128.27–33). Mindful of all that she has lost over the course of her journey, her prayer rings with poignancy: “My Father, save me. Look, I shall tell [you how I] left home and fled from my maiden’s quarters” (Exeg. Soul 128.35–129.1). With her final words, she expresses her desire to return back to her former home: “Restore me to yourself” (Exeg. Soul 129.2). Significantly, her Father, having viewed Sophia’s fallen state, now will “consider her worthy of his mercy” (Exeg. Soul 129.3–4). [...] The reader can easily hear the echoes of the prodigal’s lament and that of Sophia: “I will get up and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you; I am no longer worthy to be called thy son; treat me like one of thy hired servants” (Luke 15:18–19). ...”
Nicholas J. Frederick, “The ‘Journey of the Soul’ in Two Lucan Parables,” in Greco-Roman and Jewish Tributaries to the New Testament: Festschrift in Honor of Gregory J. Riley, ed. Christopher S. Crawford, Claremont Studies in New Testament and Christian Origins 4 (Claremont, CA: Claremont, 2018), 17, 21.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Luke 15:18 and Exegesis on the Soul 1:19

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library