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Deuteronomy

About this book
Chapter 12

1 These are the statutes and ordinances you must be careful to obey as long as you live in the land the Lord, the God of your ancestors, has given you to possess. 2 You must by all means destroy all the places where the nations you are about to dispossess worship their gods—on the high mountains and hills and under every leafy tree.⁠ 3 You must tear down their altars, shatter their sacred pillars, burn up their sacred Asherah poles,⁠ and cut down the images of their gods; you must eliminate their very memory from that place. 4 You must not worship the Lord your God the way they worship. 5 But you must seek only the place he chooses⁠ from all your tribes to establish his name⁠ as his place of residence,⁠ and you must go there. 6 And there you must take your burnt offerings, your sacrifices, your tithes, the personal offerings you have prepared, your votive offerings, your freewill offerings, and the firstborn of your herds and flocks. 7 Both you and your families must feast there before the Lord your God and rejoice in all the output of your labor with which he has blessed you. 8 You must not do as we are doing here today, with everyone doing what is right in their eyes,⁠ 9 for you have not yet come to the final stop and inheritance the Lord your God is giving you. 10 When you do go across the Jordan River and settle in the land he is granting you as an inheritance and you find relief from all the enemies who surround you, you will live in safety.⁠ 11 Then you must come to the place the Lord your God chooses for his name to reside,⁠ bringing everything I am commanding you—your burnt offerings, sacrifices, tithes, the personal offerings you have prepared, and all your choice votive offerings that you devote to him. 12 You shall rejoice in the presence of the Lord your God, along with your sons, daughters, male and female servants, and the Levites in your villages (since they have no allotment or inheritance with you). 13 Make sure you do not offer burnt offerings in any place you wish, 14 for you may do so only in the place the Lord chooses⁠ in one of your tribal areas—there you may do everything I am commanding you. 15 On the other hand, you may slaughter and eat meat as you please when the Lord your God blesses you in all your villages. Both the ritually pure and impure may eat it, whether it is a gazelle or an ibex. 16 However, you must not eat blood—pour it out on the ground like water.⁠ 17 You will not be allowed to eat in your villages your tithe of grain, new wine, olive oil, the firstborn of your herd and flock, any votive offerings you have vowed, or your freewill and personal offerings. 18 Only in the presence of the Lord your God may you eat these, in the place he chooses. This applies to you, your son, your daughter, your male and female servants, and the Levites in your villages. In that place you will rejoice before the Lord your God in all the output of your labor. 19 Be careful not to overlook the Levites as long as you live in the land. 20 When the Lord your God extends your borders as he said he would do and you say, “I want to eat meat just as I please,” you may do so as you wish. 21 If the place he chooses to locate his name is too far for you, you may slaughter any of your herd and flock he has given you just as I have stipulated; you may eat them in your villages just as you wish. 22 As you eat the gazelle or ibex, so you may eat these; the ritually impure and pure alike may eat them.⁠ 23 However, by no means eat the blood, for the blood is life itself—you must not eat the life with the meat. 24 You must not eat it! You must pour it out on the ground like water. 25 You must not eat it so that it may go well with you and your children after you; you will be doing what is right in the Lord’s sight. 26 But the holy things and votive offerings that belong to you, you must pick up and take to the place the Lord will choose. 27 You must offer your burnt offerings, both meat and blood, on the altar of the Lord your God; the blood of your other sacrifices you must pour out on his altar while you eat the meat. 28 Pay careful attention to all these things I am commanding you so that it may always go well with you and your children after you when you do what is good and right in the sight of the Lord your God. 29 When the Lord your God eliminates the nations from the place where you are headed and you dispossess them, you will settle down in their land. 30 After they have been destroyed from your presence, be careful not to be ensnared like they are; do not inquire* of their gods⁠ and say, “How do these nations serve their gods? I will do the same.” 31 You must not worship the Lord your God the way they do! For everything that is abhorrent to him, everything he hates, they have done when worshiping their gods. They even burn up their sons and daughters before their gods! 32 (13:1) You must be careful to do everything I am commanding you. Do not add to it or subtract from it!⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 12:10 and 1 Samuel 12:11

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

1 Samuel 12 presents the promise of Deuteronomy 12 as fulfilled, describing Israel at rest from its enemies and in safety. 1 Samuel frames Israel’s peace as the realization of Deuteronomy’s covenant expectations.

Passages

Deuteronomy 12:10

Hebrew Bible
8 You must not do as we are doing here today, with everyone doing what is right in their eyes, 9 for you have not yet come to the final stop and inheritance the Lord your God is giving you. 10 When you do go across the Jordan River and settle in the land he is granting you as an inheritance and you find relief from all the enemies who surround you, you will live in safety. 11 Then you must come to the place the Lord your God chooses for his name to reside, bringing everything I am commanding you—your burnt offerings, sacrifices, tithes, the personal offerings you have prepared, and all your choice votive offerings that you devote to him.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

1 Samuel 12:11

Hebrew Bible
9 “But they forgot the Lord their God, so he gave them into the hand of Sisera, the general in command of Hazor’s army, and into the hands of the Philistines and the king of Moab, and they fought against them. 10 Then they cried out to the Lord and admitted, ‘We have sinned, for we have forsaken the Lord and have served the Baals and the images of Ashtoreth. Now deliver us from the hands of our enemies so that we may serve you.’ 11 So the Lord sent Jerub Baal, Barak, Jephthah, and Samuel, and he delivered you from the hands of the enemies all around you, and you were able to live securely. 12 “When you saw that King Nahash of the Ammonites was advancing against you, you said to me, ‘No! A king will rule over us’—even though the Lord your God is your king. 13 Now look! Here is the king you have chosen—the one that you asked for! Look, the Lord has given you a king.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Samuel

References

"... There is another sense in which the people will not merely return to the land as it was in the decades—indeed, the centuries—up to the exile. That would not be enough. When Joshua completed the initial taking of the land of Canaan, “the land had peace from war” (Joshua 11:23; compare Joshua 14:15). But over subsequent centuries that experience was at best intermittent, interrupted by conflict with other peoples and by civil war (e.g., Judges 3:11, 30; 2 Chronicles 14:1). YHWH promises that the return to the land will not be merely a return to the experience that led up to the exile. “Jacob is to return and be at peace, to be safe, with no one to disturb” (Jeremiah 30:10). That no one would disturb the people or make them afraid is another promise about Israel’s original destiny (Leviticus 26:6). It comes to gain a sardonic side (Deuteronomy 28:26; Jeremiah 7:33), but then to be renewed in light of the deeply disturbing experience of Assyrian and Babylonian domination (e.g., Ezekiel 34:28; 39:26; Zephaniah 3:13) and also to be a vision for all the nations (Micah 4:4). Peace is both a matter of objective security and of a feeling of security. The objective peace, safety and banishment of anyone to disturb means Israel need not be afraid or dismayed (Jeremiah 30:10). So YHWH will enable the people to live in their country “in security” (Jeremiah 32:37; compare Ezekiel 28:26; 39:26; Hosea 2:18; Zechariah 14:11). That, too, was part of God’s original promise (Leviticus 25:18-19; 26:5; Deuteronomy 12:10; 33:28), and it had sometimes come true (1 Samuel 12:11; 1 Kings 4:25). But it was an aspect of a total relationship between the people and YHWH, and the whole relationship comprehensively collapsed. Living in security thus becomes an aspect of the vision of restoration ..."
John Goldingay, Old Testament Theology: Israel's Faith (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2006), 441.

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Deuteronomy 12:10 and 1 Samuel 12:11

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