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1 Clement

First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians

About this book
Chapter 10

1 Abraham, who was called the ‘friend,’ was found faithful because he obeyed the words of God.⁠ 2 Through obedience, he left his land, his family, and his father’s house, so that by leaving a small land, a weak family, and a humble home,⁠ he might inherit the promises of God. 3 For He said to him, ‘Go out from your land, from your family, and from your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you and magnify your name, and you shall be blessed. I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse those who curse you, and through you, all the tribes of the earth shall be blessed.’ 4 And again, when he was separated from Lot, God said to him, ‘Lift up your eyes and look—from where you are—to the north, the south, the east, and the west; for all the land that you see, I will give to you and your descendants forever.’ 5 ‘And I will make your descendants as numerous as the dust of the earth. If anyone can count the dust of the earth, then your descendants shall also be counted.’ 6 And again He said, ‘God led Abraham out and said to him, Look up to the heavens and count the stars, if you are able to number them. So your descendants shall be.’ And Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness. 7 Because of his faith and hospitality, a son was given to him in his old age, and through obedience, he offered him as a sacrifice to God on one of the mountains He showed him.

Texts in conversation

Compare James 2:23 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 10:1

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

1 Clement calls Abraham the friend, the same title James gives him, and bases it on the same evidence, that Abraham believed God and was counted righteous. 1 Clement follows the reading of James, connecting this more to his obedience than just faith.

Passages

James 2:23

New Testament
21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar? 22 You see that his faith was working together with his works and his faith was perfected by works. 23 And the scripture was fulfilled that says, “Now Abraham believed God and it was counted to him for righteousness,” and he was called God’s friend. 24 You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in James

Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 10:1

Early Christian · First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians
1 Abraham, who was called the ‘friend,’ was found faithful because he obeyed the words of God. 2 Through obedience, he left his land, his family, and his father’s house, so that by leaving a small land, a weak family, and a humble home, he might inherit the promises of God. 3 For He said to him, ‘Go out from your land, from your family, and from your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you and magnify your name, and you shall be blessed. I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse those who curse you, and through you, all the tribes of the earth shall be blessed.’ 4 And again, when he was separated from Lot, God said to him, ‘Lift up your eyes and look—from where you are—to the north, the south, the east, and the west; for all the land that you see, I will give to you and your descendants forever.’
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Clement of Rome, 1 Clement

References

"... The second instance is Clement’s treatment of Abraham. The more obvious point of comparison here would seem to be Hebrews, for Clement lists Abraham among heroes of faithful obedience, beginning with Enoch and ending with Rahab (1 Clement 9:2-12:8 = Hebrews 11:5-31). He introduces the list, moreover, with language strongly reminiscent of Hebrews 11. But analysis shows that Clement does not follow Hebrews slavishly. In his presentation of Abraham, Lot, and Rahab, Clement goes into considerably more detail than does Hebrews, and uses the biblical text concerning these characters directly, with multiple citations from Genesis and Joshua. Why should we think to detect the influence of James? We notice that Clement deviates from Hebrews in the designation of Abraham as “friend of God” (1 Clement 10:1 = James 2:23), which is repeated in 17:2. James and Clement, moreover, both cite Genesis 15:6 verbatim, whereas Hebrews cites Genesis 15:5 but not 15:6. Finally, Abraham is praised by Clement for his “faith and hospitality” (10:7), which is carried also through the examples of Lot (11) and Rahab (12). The emphasis on hospitality draws Clement’s version closer to James than to Hebrews. ..."
Luke Timothy Johnson, The Letter of James: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary (New York: Doubleday, 1995), 74.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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James 2:23 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 10:1

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