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Confessions, Book 7

About this book
Chapter 17

And I marveled that I now loved you, and no phantasm in your place, and yet I was not stable enough to enjoy my God steadily. Instead I was transported to you by your beauty, and then at once torn away from you by my own weight, sinking with grief into these lower things. This weight was carnal habit. But your memory remained with me, and I never doubted in the least that there was One for me to cling to; but I was not yet ready to cling to you firmly. For the body which is corrupted presses down the soul, and the earthly dwelling weighs down the mind, which ponders many things.⁠ My greatest certainty was that "the invisible things of yours from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even your eternal power and Godhead." For when I inquired how it was that I could appreciate the beauty of bodies, both celestial and terrestrial; and what it was that supported me in making correct judgments about things mutable; and when I concluded, "This ought to be so; this ought not"—then when I inquired how it was that I could make such judgments (since I did, in fact, make them), I realized that I had found the unchangeable and true eternity of truth above my changeable mind. And so, step by step, I was led upward from bodies to the soul which perceives them by means of the bodily senses, and from there on to the soul's inward faculty, to which the bodily senses report outward things—and this belongs even to the capacities of the beasts—and from there on up to the reasoning power, to whose judgment is referred the experience received from the bodily sense. And when this power of reason within me also found that it was changeable, it raised itself up to its own intellectual principle, and withdrew its thoughts from experience, abstracting itself from the contradictory throng of phantasms in order to seek for that light in which it was bathed. Then, without any doubting, it cried out that the unchangeable was better than the changeable. From this it follows that the mind somehow knew the unchangeable, for, unless it had known it in some way, it could have had no sure ground for preferring it to the changeable. And thus with the flash of a trembling glance, it arrived at that which is. And I saw your invisibility [invisibilia tua] understood by means of the things that are made. But I was not able to sustain my gaze. My weakness was dashed back, and I lapsed again into my usual ways, carrying along with me nothing but a loving memory of my vision, and an appetite for what I had, as it were, smelled the odor of, but was not yet able to eat.

Book 8

Texts in conversation

Compare Wisdom of Solomon 9:15 and Augustine, Confessions 7.17

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Augustine uses the Wisdom of Solomon as an authoritative source for teaching, repeating its reflection on how the human body weighs down the soul and the intellect, showing how it influenced early Christian tradition.

Passages

Wisdom of Solomon 9:15

Deuterocanon
13 For what man will know the counsel of God? Or who will conceive what the Lord wills? 14 For the thoughts of mortals are unstable, and our plans are prone to fail. 15 For a corruptible body weighs down the soul. The earthy tent burdens a mind that is full of cares. 16 We can hardly guess the things that are on earth, and we find the things that are close at hand with labor; but who has traced out the things that are in the heavens? 17 Who gained knowledge of your counsel, unless you gave wisdom, and sent your holy spirit from on high?
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

Augustine, Confessions 7.17

Early Christian
This weight was carnal habit. But your memory remained with me, and I never doubted in the least that there was One for me to cling to; but I was not yet ready to cling to you firmly. For the body which is corrupted presses down the soul, and the earthly dwelling weighs down the mind, which ponders many things. My greatest certainty was that "the invisible things of yours from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even your eternal power and Godhead." For when I inquired how it was that I could appreciate the beauty of bodies, both celestial and terrestrial; and what it was that supported me in making correct judgments about things mutable; and when I concluded, "This ought to be so; this ought not"—then when I inquired how it was that I could make such judgments (since I did, in fact, make them), I realized that I had found the unchangeable and true eternity of truth above my changeable mind.
397–400 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Augustine, Confessions 7

References

"... the West, further from the home of the Hebrew canon, and knowing the Old Testament chiefly through the Latin version of the LXX, did not scruple to mingle non-canonical books with the canonical. Hilary and Ruffinus were doubtless checked, the one by the influence of Eastern theologians, the other by the scholarship of Jerome; but Hilary mentions that there were those who wished to raise the number of the canonical books to twenty-four by including Tobit and Judith in the canon. From the end of the fourth century the inclusion of the non-canonical books in Western lists is a matter of course. Even Augustine has no scruples on the subject; he makes the books of the Old Testament forty-four (de doctr. Chr. ii. 13 "his xliv libris Testamenti Veteris terminatur auctoritas"), and among them Tobit, Judith, and two books of Maccabees take rank with the histories; and the two Wisdoms, although he confesses that they were not the work of Solomon, are classed with the Prophets. His judgement was that of his Church ("sunt canonicae scripturae Salomonis libri quinque ... Tobias, Judith ... Machabaeorum libri duo"). The African Church had probably never known any other canon, and its belief prevailed wherever the Latin Bible was read ..."
Henry Barclay Swete, An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek: With an Appendix Containing the Letter of Aristeas (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1900).

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Wisdom of Solomon 9:15 and Augustine, Confessions 7.17

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