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Confessions, Book 1

About this book
Chapter 2

And how shall I call upon my God—my God and my Lord? For when I call on him I ask him to come into me. And what place is there in me into which my God can come? How could God, the God who made both heaven and earth, come into me? Is there anything in me, Lord my God, that can contain you? Do even the heaven and the earth, which you have made, and in which you made me, contain you? Is it possible that, since without you nothing that exists would exist, you made it so that whatever exists has some capacity to receive you? Why, then, do I ask you to come into me, since I also exist and could not exist if you were not in me? For I am not, after all, in hell—and yet you are there too,⁠ for "if I go down into hell, you are there." Therefore I would not exist—I would simply not be at all—unless I exist in you, from whom and by whom and in whom all things are. Even so, Lord; even so. Where do I call you to, when I am already in you? Or from where would you come into me? Where, beyond heaven and earth, could I go so that my God might come to me there—he who has said, "I fill heaven and earth"?

Book 2

Texts in conversation

Compare Tobit 13:2 and Augustine, Confessions 1.2

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

Tobit describes God's power reaching into Hades. In the Confessions, Augustine interprets this as God present in hell, quoting a psalm as he asks how he can summon God when God is already there.

Passages

Tobit 13:2

Deuterocanon
1 And he said Blessed is God that lives for ever, and his kingdom, For he chastises, and shows mercy. 2 He leads down to Hades below the earth, And he brings up from the great destruction; And there is nothing that shall escape his hand. 3 Give thanks to him before the Gentiles, you children of Israel, For he has scattered you among them, 4 And there he has shown you his greatness; And extol him before all the living. Because he is our Lord, and he our God, and he our Father, Yes, he is God to all the ages:
225–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Tobit

Augustine, Confessions 1.2

Early Christian
And how shall I call upon my God—my God and my Lord? For when I call on him I ask him to come into me. And what place is there in me into which my God can come? How could God, the God who made both heaven and earth, come into me? Is there anything in me, Lord my God, that can contain you? Do even the heaven and the earth, which you have made, and in which you made me, contain you? Is it possible that, since without you nothing that exists would exist, you made it so that whatever exists has some capacity to receive you? Why, then, do I ask you to come into me, since I also exist and could not exist if you were not in me? For I am not, after all, in hell—and yet you are there too, for "if I go down into hell, you are there." Therefore I would not exist—I would simply not be at all—unless I exist in you, from whom and by whom and in whom all things are. Even so, Lord; even so. Where do I call you to, when I am already in you? Or from where would you come into me? Where, beyond heaven and earth, could I go so that my God might come to me there—he who has said, "I fill heaven and earth"?
397–400 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Augustine, Confessions 1

References

“... Conybeare (2016:59) notes: ‘The entire prayer of Tobit 13 is in fact of immense importance for the themes of the Confessions’. O’Donnell (1992b:6–7) demonstrates that Tobit 13 was important for the Confessiones not only because of allusions to its content, but even its structure, which O’Donnell clearly sets out. Tobit 12:7, after all, has Raphael say that it is important to reveal and confess the works of God, which is the major impetus of the Confessiones. O’Donnell (1992b:6–7) notes several allusions to Tobit 13 in Confessiones 1.1.1, 1.2.2, 1.16.26, 2.2.4, 2.3.6, 2.6.14, 2.9.18, 3.3.5, 4.15.24, 7.21.27, 8.5.12, 8.6.14, 10.2.2, 10.6.8, 12.16.23, 13.38.53 and so on. ...”
Chris L. de Wet, “The Book of Tobit in Early Christianity: Greek and Latin Interpretations from the 2nd to the 5th Century CE,” HvTSt 76.4 (2020): 9.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Tobit 13:2 and Augustine, Confessions 1.2

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