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Amos

About this book
Chapter 9

1 I saw the Lord standing by the altar and he said, “Strike the tops of the support pillars, so the thresholds shake! Knock them down on the heads of all the people, and I will kill the survivors with the sword. No one will be able to run away; no one will be able to escape.⁠ 2 Even if they could dig down into the netherworld, my hand would pull them up from there. Even if they could climb up to heaven, I would drag them down from there.⁠ 3 Even if they were to hide on the top of Mount Carmel, I would hunt them down and take them from there.⁠ Even if they tried to hide from me at the bottom of the sea, from there I would command the Sea Serpent to bite them. 4 Even when their enemies drive them into captivity, from there I will command the sword to kill them. I will not let them out of my sight; they will experience disaster, not prosperity.” 5 The Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies will do this. He touches the earth and it dissolves;⁠ all who live on it mourn. The whole earth rises like the Nile River and then grows calm like the Nile in Egypt. 6 He builds the upper rooms of his palace in heaven⁠ and sets its foundation supports on the earth. He summons the water of the sea and pours it out on the earth’s surface.⁠ The Lord is his name. 7 “You Israelites are just like the Ethiopians in my sight,” says the Lord. “Certainly I brought Israel up from the land of Egypt, but I also brought the Philistines from Caphtor and the Arameans from Kir.⁠ 8 Look, the Sovereign Lord is watching the sinful nation, and I will destroy it from the face of the earth. But I will not completely destroy the family of Jacob,” says the Lord. 9 “For look, I am giving a command, and I will shake the family of Israel together with all the nations. It will resemble a sieve being shaken, when not even a pebble falls to the ground. 10 All the sinners among my people will die by the sword—the ones who say, ‘Disaster will not come near, it will not confront us.’⁠ 11 “In that day I will rebuild the collapsing hut of David. I will seal its gaps, repair its ruins, and restore it to what it was like in days gone by.⁠ 12 As a result they will conquer those left in Edom and all the nations subject to my rule.”⁠ The Lord, who is about to do this, is speaking.⁠ 13 “Be sure of this, the time is coming,” says the Lord, “when the plowman will catch up to the reaper, and the one who stomps the grapes will overtake the planter. Juice will run down the slopes; it will flow down all the hillsides.⁠ 14 I will bring back my people, Israel; they will rebuild the cities lying in rubble and settle down. They will plant vineyards and drink the wine they produce; they will grow orchards and eat the fruit they produce. 15 I will plant them on their land, and they will never again be uprooted from the land I have given them,” says the Lord your God.

Texts in conversation

Compare Amos 9:5 and Psalm 46:6

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Amos 9 describes the earth dissolving at God's touch, comparing it to the surging water of the Nile river. Psalm 46 echoes this, describing the nations in turmoil and the earth dissolving. Both use chaos as a metaphor for political and social upheaval.

Passages

Amos 9:5

Hebrew Bible
4 Even when their enemies drive them into captivity, from there I will command the sword to kill them. I will not let them out of my sight; they will experience disaster, not prosperity.” 5 The Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies will do this. He touches the earth and it dissolves; all who live on it mourn. The whole earth rises like the Nile River and then grows calm like the Nile in Egypt. 6 He builds the upper rooms of his palace in heaven and sets its foundation supports on the earth. He summons the water of the sea and pours it out on the earth’s surface. The Lord is his name. 7 “You Israelites are just like the Ethiopians in my sight,” says the Lord. “Certainly I brought Israel up from the land of Egypt, but I also brought the Philistines from Caphtor and the Arameans from Kir.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Amos

Psalm 46:6

Hebrew Bible
4 The river’s channels bring joy to the city of God, the special, holy dwelling place of the Most High. 5 God lives within it, it cannot be moved. God rescues it at the break of dawn. 6 Nations are in uproar, kingdoms are overthrown. God gives a shout, the earth dissolves. 7 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies is on our side. The God of Jacob is our stronghold. (Selah) 8 Come, Witness the exploits of the Lord, who brings devastation to the earth.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

"... This combination [the affliction of the earth and nations] features also in Psalm 99:1, 97:3–5, 46:6-7; and Amos 9:5 (in which latter passage, the earth trembles and those who dwell in it mourn), though at times just the nations will be involved: see Exodus 15:14, Isaiah 63:1–6, Zechariah 9:15. Conversely, the trembling of the earth in Psalm 68:8–9 and Judges 5:4–5 is merely accompanied by dripping skies rather than immediate distress among the peoples (though such distress and/or the victory of Yahweh / Israel is clearly in view in the wider context: see Psalm 68:2, 13, 15 and compare Judges 5:13 and the narrative flow of the latter poem in particular); and in Micah 1:4, the mountains and valley melt / burst open like wax or cascading water in more volcanic mode, again without a direct human parallel (though again this is implied: note verses 2, 6–16, especially verses 5-6) ..."
Rebecca S. Watson, “'Was your Wrath Against the Rivers?' Focusing the Debate in Habakkuk 3,” in Conversations on Canaanite and Biblical Themes: Creation, Chaos and Monotheism, ed. Rebecca Watson and Adrian Curtis (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2021), 61–77.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Amos 9:5 and Psalm 46:6

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