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Acts

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Paul's Defense before Agrippa

Chapter 26

1 So Agrippa said to Paul, “You have permission to speak for yourself.” Then Paul held out his hand and began his defense: 2 “Regarding all the things I have been accused of by the Jews, King Agrippa, I consider myself fortunate that I am about to make my defense before you today, 3 because you are especially familiar with all the customs and controversial issues of the Jews. Therefore I ask you to listen to me patiently. 4 Now all the Jews know the way I lived from my youth, spending my life from the beginning among my own people and in Jerusalem. 5 They know because they have known me from time past, if they are willing to testify, that according to the strictest party of our religion, I lived as a Pharisee. 6 And now I stand here on trial because of my hope in the promise made by God to our ancestors, 7 a promise that our twelve tribes hope to attain as they earnestly serve God night and day. Concerning this hope the Jews are accusing me, Your Majesty! 8 Why do you people think it is unbelievable that God raises the dead? 9 Of course, I myself was convinced that it was necessary to do many things hostile to the name of Jesus the Nazarene. 10 And that is what I did in Jerusalem: Not only did I lock up many of the saints in prisons by the authority I received from the chief priests, but I also cast my vote against them when they were sentenced to death. 11 I punished them often in all the synagogues and tried to force them to blaspheme. Because I was so furiously enraged at them, I went to persecute them even in foreign cities. 12 “While doing this very thing, as I was going to Damascus with authority and complete power from the chief priests, 13 about noon along the road, Your Majesty, I saw a light from heaven, brighter than the sun, shining everywhere around me and those traveling with me. 14 When we had all fallen to the ground, I heard a voice saying to me in Aramaic, ‘Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me? You are hurting yourself by kicking against the goads.’ 15 So I said, ‘Who are you, Lord?’ And the Lord replied, ‘I am Jesus whom you are persecuting. 16 But get up and stand on your feet, for I have appeared to you for this reason, to designate you in advance as a servant and witness to the things you have seen and to the things in which I will appear to you.⁠ 17 I will rescue you from your own people and from the Gentiles, to whom I am sending you⁠ 18 to open their eyes so that they turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, so that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a share among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’ 19 “Therefore, King Agrippa, I was not disobedient to the heavenly vision, 20 but I declared to those in Damascus first, and then to those in Jerusalem and in all Judea, and to the Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, performing deeds consistent with repentance. 21 For this reason the Jews, after they seized me while I was in the temple courts, were trying to kill me. 22 I have experienced help from God to this day, and so I stand testifying to both small and great, saying nothing except what the prophets and Moses said was going to happen: 23 that the Christ was to suffer and be the first to rise from the dead, to proclaim light both to our people and to the Gentiles.”

Festus and Agrippa Respond to Paul

24 As Paul was saying these things in his defense, Festus exclaimed loudly, “You have lost your mind, Paul! Your great learning is driving you insane!” 25 But Paul replied, “I have not lost my mind, most excellent Festus, but am speaking true and rational words. 26 For the king knows about these things, and I am speaking freely to him because I cannot believe that any of these things has escaped his notice, for this was not done in a corner. 27 Do you believe the prophets, King Agrippa? I know that you believe.” 28 Agrippa said to Paul, “In such a short time are you persuading me to become a Christian?” 29 Paul replied, “I pray to God that whether in a short or a long time not only you but also all those who are listening to me today could become such as I am, except for these chains.” 30 So the king got up, and with him the governor and Bernice and those sitting with them, 31 and as they were leaving they said to one another, “This man is not doing anything deserving death or imprisonment.” 32 Agrippa said to Festus, “This man could have been released if he had not appealed to Caesar.”

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Jeremiah 1:8 and Acts 26:17

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

In Acts 26, Paul’s calling echoes the opening of Jeremiah, where the prophet is assured of protection when sent to the nations. Acts places Paul’s mission in continuity with the Hebrew Bible, presenting his role within established prophetic patterns.

Passages

LXX Jeremiah 1:8

Septuagint
6 And I said, Lord, you that are supreme Lord, look, I do not know how to speak, for I am a child. 7 And the Lord said to me, Do not say, I am a child: for you shall go to all to whom I shall send you, and according to all the words that I shall command you, you shall speak. 8 Do not be afraid before them: for I am with you to deliver you, says the Lord. 9 And the Lord stretched forth his hand to me, and touched my mouth: and the Lord said to me, Look, I have put my words into your mouth. 10 Look, I have appointed you this day over nations and over kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, and to destroy, and to rebuild, and to plant.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Jeremiah

Acts 26:17

New Testament
15 So I said, ‘Who are you, Lord?’ And the Lord replied, ‘I am Jesus whom you are persecuting. 16 But get up and stand on your feet, for I have appeared to you for this reason, to designate you in advance as a servant and witness to the things you have seen and to the things in which I will appear to you. 17 I will rescue you from your own people and from the Gentiles, to whom I am sending you 18 to open their eyes so that they turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, so that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a share among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’ 19 “Therefore, King Agrippa, I was not disobedient to the heavenly vision,
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Acts

References

"... In his speech before King Herod Agrippa II, Paul narrates, for the third time in Acts, the story of his call or conversion (26:12-18). When dealing with this account, modern critical commentators typically concern themselves with its relationship to the other two reports of the apostle's vision (Acts 9:1-9, 22:6-11), with the Greek proverb that lies behind 'It hurts for you to kick against the goads' (26:15) and with questions about the historicity of attendant events (e.g., How could Luke have known what Festus and Agrippa said to each other in private?). Exegetes also, if only in passing, often call attention to several reminiscences of the LXX. Acts 26:16 agrees exactly with Ezekiel 2:1. Acts 26:18 echoes Isaiah 42:7 and 16. And Acts 26:17 alludes to Jeremiah 1:8 and 19 ..."
Dale C. Allison, “Acts 9:1–9, 22:6–11, 26:12–18: Paul and Ezekiel,” JBL 135.4 (2016): 807–26.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Jeremiah 1:8 and Acts 26:17

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