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2 Timothy

About this book
Chapter 4

1 I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus, who is going to judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom: 2 Preach the message, be ready whether it is convenient or not, reprove, rebuke, exhort with complete patience and instruction. 3 For there will be a time when people will not tolerate sound teaching. Instead, following their own desires, they will accumulate teachers for themselves because they have an insatiable curiosity to hear new things. 4 And they will turn away from hearing the truth, but on the other hand they will turn aside to myths. 5 You, however, be self-controlled in all things, endure hardship, do an evangelist’s work, fulfill your ministry. 6 For I am already being poured out as an offering, and the time for me to depart is at hand.⁠ 7 I have competed well; I have finished the race; I have kept the faith! 8 Finally the crown of righteousness is reserved for me. The Lord, the righteous Judge, will award it to me in that day—and not to me only, but also to all who have set their affection on his appearing.⁠ 9 Make every effort to come to me soon. 10 For Demas deserted me, since he loved the present age,⁠ and he went to Thessalonica. Crescens went to Galatia and Titus to Dalmatia. 11 Only Luke is with me. Get Mark and bring him with you because he is a great help to me in ministry. 12 Now I have sent Tychicus to Ephesus. 13 When you come, bring with you the cloak I left in Troas with Carpas and the scrolls, especially the parchments. 14 Alexander the coppersmith did me a great deal of harm. The Lord will repay him in keeping with his deeds.⁠ 15 You be on guard against him too, because he vehemently opposed our words. 16 At my first defense no one appeared in my support; instead they all deserted me—may they not be held accountable for it. 17 But the Lord stood by me and strengthened me, so that through me the message would be fully proclaimed for all the Gentiles to hear. And so I was delivered from the lion’s mouth!⁠ 18 The Lord will deliver me from every evil deed and will bring me safely into his heavenly kingdom. To him be glory for ever and ever! Amen. 19 Greetings to Prisca and Aquila and the family of Onesiphorus. 20 Erastus stayed in Corinth. Trophimus I left ill in Miletus. 21 Make every effort to come before winter. Greetings to you from Eubulus, Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers and sisters. 22 The Lord be with your spirit. Grace be with you.

Texts in conversation

Compare Philippians 2:17 and 2 Timothy 4:6

New Testament

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Summary

Philippians and 2 Timothy are the only New Testament texts to use the image of being poured out like a drink offering. Its reuse in 2 Timothy suggests dependence on Philippians and may point to a later writer echoing Paul’s earlier language.

Passages

Philippians 2:17

New Testament
14 Do everything without grumbling or arguing, 15 so that you may be blameless and pure, children of God without blemish though you live in a crooked and perverse society, in which you shine as lights in the world 16 by holding on to the word of life so that on the day of Christ I will have a reason to boast: that I did not run in vain nor labor in vain. 17 But even if I am being poured out like a drink offering on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice together with all of you. 18 And in the same way you also should be glad and rejoice together with me.
56–63 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Philippians

2 Timothy 4:6

New Testament
5 You, however, be self-controlled in all things, endure hardship, do an evangelist’s work, fulfill your ministry. 6 For I am already being poured out as an offering, and the time for me to depart is at hand. 7 I have competed well; I have finished the race; I have kept the faith! 8 Finally the crown of righteousness is reserved for me. The Lord, the righteous Judge, will award it to me in that day—and not to me only, but also to all who have set their affection on his appearing.
70–80 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Timothy

References

"... The language of this section of 2 Timothy is thought to echo (or depend upon) Philippians 2:12‐18; the passages are comparable in terms of topic (Paul’s suffering as sacrifice), and Philippians 2:17 contains the only other occurrence of the graphic verb “to pour out [like a drink offering].” Theories of literary dependence generally presume the author of 2 Timothy was not Paul, but rather that an excessive tone of self‐exaltation is evidence that a later student or admirer of Paul crafted this discourse modeled on the Philippians passage. Others have stressed more accurately that this is not an unexpected tone for Paul to adopt ... this is particularly true in light of a passage such as Philippians 2:12‐18. There are indeed grounds for thinking that Paul may be intentionally echoing the Philippians letter at this point (and below), just as he has echoed Romans in earlier passages (1:7; 2:11) ..."
Phillip Towner, Intertextuality: Lost (and Found) in Translation (Seoul: Korean Bible Society, 2007), 104–120.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Philippians 2:17 and 2 Timothy 4:6

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