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2 Peter

About this book
Chapter 3

1 Dear friends, this is already the second letter I have written you, in which I am trying to stir up your pure mind by way of reminder: 2 I want you to recall both the predictions foretold by the holy prophets and the commandment of the Lord and Savior through your apostles. 3 Above all, understand this: In the last days blatant scoffers will come, being propelled by their own evil urges⁠ 4 and saying, “Where is his promised return? For ever since our ancestors died, all things have continued as they were from the beginning of creation.” 5 For they deliberately suppress this fact, that by the word of God heavens existed long ago and an earth was formed out of water and by means of water. 6 Through these things the world existing at that time was destroyed when it was deluged with water.⁠ 7 But by the same word the present heavens and earth have been reserved for fire, by being kept for the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly. 8 Now, dear friends, do not let this one thing escape your notice, that a single day is like a thousand years with the Lord and a thousand years are like a single day.⁠ 9 The Lord is not slow concerning his promise, as some regard slowness, but is being patient toward you because he does not wish for any to perish but for all to come to repentance.⁠ 10 But the day of the Lord will come like a thief; when it comes, the heavens will disappear with a horrific noise, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze,⁠ and the earth and every deed done on it will be laid bare.⁠ 11 Since all these things are to melt away in this manner, what sort of people must you be, conducting your lives in holiness and godliness,⁠ 12 while waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God?⁠ Because of this day, the heavens will be burned up and dissolve, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze! 13 But, according to his promise, we are waiting for new heavens and a new earth, in which righteousness truly resides.⁠ 14 Therefore, dear friends, since you are waiting for these things, strive to be found at peace, without spot or blemish, when you come into his presence. 15 And regard the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as also our dear brother Paul wrote to you, according to the wisdom given to him, 16 speaking of these things in all his letters. Some things in these letters are hard to understand, things the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they also do to the rest of the scriptures. 17 Therefore, dear friends, since you have been forewarned, be on your guard that you do not get led astray by the error of these unprincipled men and fall from your firm grasp on the truth. 18 But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be the honor both now and on that eternal day.

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 102:26 and 2 Peter 3:10

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

2 Peter 3 uses apocalyptic language to describe the heavens dissolving and the elements melting at the end of the age, imagery that may echo Psalm 102, where the heavens are said to wear out like a garment.

Passages

Psalm 102:26

Hebrew Bible
24 I say, “O my God, please do not take me away in the middle of my life. You endure through all generations. 25 In earlier times you established the earth; the skies are your handiwork. 26 They will perish, but you will endure. They will wear out like a garment; like clothes you will remove them and they will disappear. 27 But you remain; your years do not come to an end. 28 The children of your servants will settle down here, and their descendants will live securely in your presence.”
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

2 Peter 3:10

New Testament
8 Now, dear friends, do not let this one thing escape your notice, that a single day is like a thousand years with the Lord and a thousand years are like a single day. 9 The Lord is not slow concerning his promise, as some regard slowness, but is being patient toward you because he does not wish for any to perish but for all to come to repentance. 10 But the day of the Lord will come like a thief; when it comes, the heavens will disappear with a horrific noise, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze, and the earth and every deed done on it will be laid bare. 11 Since all these things are to melt away in this manner, what sort of people must you be, conducting your lives in holiness and godliness, 12 while waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God? Because of this day, the heavens will be burned up and dissolve, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze!
120–130 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Peter

References

"... Psalm 102:26 relates that the heavens will “perish” and “wax old as a garment.” In the same vein, Isaiah 34:4 predicts that “the Host of Heaven shall fall down, as a leaf from the Vine, and a Fig from the Fig-tree.” These texts express the fact that creation is subject to annihilation with respect to its own nature. That is, creation does not have in its power the ability to perpetuate its existence forever. It is liable to annihilation in itself, but this does not prove that it will indeed be annihilated. God is able to preserve creation should he choose. In sum, these texts “do not so much conclude the creatures actual extinction or abolition, as rather their disposition, and natural tendency thereunto, considered in themselves.” This natural tendency to decay can be overcome by God’s power. Horton considers 2 Peter 3:10 as the chief weapon in the annihilationist’s arsenal yet he is not persuaded of their position. The melting of the elements does not describe a complete destruction but an alteration of form, even as the melting of metal changes the form of the metal but does not consume the substance of it. The burning of the earth is a burning that purifies, not one that destroys ..."
John H. Duff, "A Knot Worth Unloosing": The Interpretation Of The New Heavens And Earth In Seventeenth-Century England (Calvin Theological Seminary, 2014), 144.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 102:26 and 2 Peter 3:10

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