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2 Corinthians

About this book
Chapter 11

1 I wish that you would be patient with me in a little foolishness, but indeed you are being patient with me! 2 For I am jealous for you with godly jealousy, because I promised you in marriage to one husband, to present you as a pure virgin to Christ.⁠ 3 But I am afraid that just as the serpent deceived Eve by his treachery, your minds may be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ. 4 For if someone comes and proclaims another Jesus different from the one we proclaimed, or if you receive a different spirit than the one you received, or a different gospel than the one you accepted, you put up with it well enough! 5 For I consider myself not at all inferior to those “super-apostles.” 6 And even if I am unskilled in speaking, yet I am certainly not so in knowledge. Indeed, we have made this plain to you in everything in every way. 7 Or did I commit a sin by humbling myself so that you could be exalted, because I proclaimed the gospel of God to you free of charge? 8 I robbed other churches by receiving support from them so that I could serve you! 9 When I was with you and was in need, I was not a burden to anyone, for the brothers who came from Macedonia fully supplied my needs. I kept myself from being a burden to you in any way, and will continue to do so. 10 As the truth of Christ is in me, this boasting of mine will not be stopped in the regions of Achaia. 11 Why? Because I do not love you? God knows I do! 12 And what I am doing I will continue to do, so that I may eliminate any opportunity for those who want a chance to be regarded as our equals in the things they boast about. 13 For such people are false apostles, deceitful workers, disguising themselves as apostles of Christ.⁠ 14 And no wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light. 15 Therefore it is not surprising his servants also disguise themselves as servants of righteousness, whose end will correspond to their actions. 16 I say again, let no one think that I am a fool. But if you do, then at least accept me as a fool, so that I too may boast a little. 17 What I am saying with this boastful confidence I do not say the way the Lord would. Instead it is, as it were, foolishness. 18 Since many are boasting according to human standards, I too will boast. 19 For since you are so wise, you put up with fools gladly. 20 For you put up with it if someone makes slaves of you, if someone exploits you, if someone takes advantage of you, if someone behaves arrogantly toward you, if someone strikes you in the face. 21 (To my disgrace I must say that we were too weak for that!) But whatever anyone else dares to boast about (I am speaking foolishly), I also dare to boast about the same thing. 22 Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. 23 Are they servants of Christ? (I am talking like I am out of my mind!) I am even more so: with much greater labors, with far more imprisonments, with more severe beatings, facing death many times. 24 Five times I received from the Jews forty lashes less one.⁠ 25 Three times I was beaten with a rod. Once I received a stoning. Three times I suffered shipwreck. A night and a day I spent adrift in the open sea. 26 I have been on journeys many times, in dangers from rivers, in dangers from robbers, in dangers from my own countrymen, in dangers from Gentiles, in dangers in the city, in dangers in the wilderness, in dangers at sea, in dangers from false brothers, 27 in hard work and toil, through many sleepless nights, in hunger and thirst, many times without food, in cold and without enough clothing. 28 Apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxious concern for all the churches. 29 Who is weak, and I am not weak? Who is led into sin, and I do not burn with indignation? 30 If I must boast, I will boast about the things that show my weakness. 31 The God and Father of the Lord Jesus, who is blessed forever, knows I am not lying. 32 In Damascus, the governor under King Aretas was guarding the city of Damascus in order to arrest me, 33 but I was let down in a rope-basket through a window in the city wall, and escaped his hands.

Texts in conversation

Compare 4Q417 2 i 27 and 2 Corinthians 11:24

Dead Sea Scrolls, Wisdom and Instruction · New Testament

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Summary

The Dead Sea Scrolls and 2 Corinthians mention the limit of thirty-nine lashes, showing Paul following a Jewish rule about punishment. In the scroll, this describes fairness and paying back debts. Paul uses it to describe the consequence of his message.

Passages

4Q417 2 i 27

Dead Sea Scrolls, Wisdom and Instruction · 4QInstruction
21 your life. If you borrow money from men for your need, let there be no [rest for you] 22 day or night, and no repose for your soul, [until] you have repaid [your creditor his loan.] Do not lie 23 to him. Why should you bear guilt? And also from reproach to [your creditor … and you will no] longer [be trusted] by his neighbor. 24 And in your need he will close his hand. Your strength [… and like him borrow, and know the one who gathers …] 25 And if an affliction meets you, and he presses [… do not hide it from the one who strikes you,] 26 lest he uncover your reproach … [… a ruler over him, and then] 27 he will not strike him with a rod [… and no] 28 more. And also you, [son who understands …]
200–150 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 4Q417

2 Corinthians 11:24

New Testament
22 Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. 23 Are they servants of Christ? (I am talking like I am out of my mind!) I am even more so: with much greater labors, with far more imprisonments, with more severe beatings, facing death many times. 24 Five times I received from the Jews forty lashes less one. 25 Three times I was beaten with a rod. Once I received a stoning. Three times I suffered shipwreck. A night and a day I spent adrift in the open sea. 26 I have been on journeys many times, in dangers from rivers, in dangers from robbers, in dangers from my own countrymen, in dangers from Gentiles, in dangers in the city, in dangers in the wilderness, in dangers at sea, in dangers from false brothers,
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Corinthians

References

"... The rest of the column (or what can be read of it) concerns financial matters. The first instructions concern scarcity and surplus (i 17–18), willingness to borrow (i 19), and confidence that God will supply what is necessary: “according to His command everything shall come into being; and that which He gives you for food eat it” (i 20). Then after a clear instruction to pay back loans quickly (“do not let there be sleep for you day or night, nor rest for your soul”) and to be honest with one’s creditor (i 21–22), there are fragmentary and thus obscure teachings about financial dealings and the punishments that one may have to endure in them. The punishment here may be quite specific — flogging. If so, there may be a reference to thirty-nine strokes as in 2 Corinthians 11:24: “and then he will not smite him with a rod [… thirty ...] nine and no more” (i 27–28) ..."
Daniel J. Harrington, Wisdom Texts from Qumran, Literature of the Dead Sea Scrolls (London: Routledge, 1996), 52.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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4Q417 2 i 27 and 2 Corinthians 11:24

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